초기 유가의 자유지향경향성에 관한 시론(試論)

Abstract

From the perspective of the people of the Qi Dynasty, the disadvantage of Confucian scholars is that they are, above all, uncomfortable to govern by those in power. Confucian scholars shared their own culture, and since Confucius was young, it has already been known as a "notoriety" to bureaucrats in the Qi country. Such an early evaluation of the tradition of Confucianism suggests that such a trend already existed in the Lu Dynasty before Confucius. In other words, it suggests that the founder of Confucianism, as is generally known today, is not Confucius, and that Confucian tendencies existed before him. Such a tendency seems to have been a prominent characteristic of the culture of the Lu Dynasty, as the descendants of the Lord of Zhou inherited the status of the monarch, accepting the culture created by the Lord of Zhou. In other words, it is highly likely that Lu Dynasty was traditionally a Confucian country, and that such a cultural atmosphere was used to be dominant before Confucius, and Confucius inherited such a tradition and renewed Confucian scholarship. Even in the oppressive situation of the Warring States Period, the culture of the old country Lu(魯) where the tradition of republic was established, became the base for the Mencius’ mind to develop toward an original and free-spirited direction. And considering the position of Mencius in the Qi(齊) Dynasty, this personality seems to have been the main factor that caused a gap between Mencius and the royal scholars of the Qi Dynasty. The conflict between Lu(魯) culture and Qi(齊) culture in China in the Warring States Period, is worth referring to today's full-fledged multipolar era. The problem of China in the Warring States Period, a typical multipolar era, and its process of solution have also beneficial implications that can give us considerable hints in expanding our understanding of world people in today's more complex era. These circumstantial facts, that is, the fact that there may be gaps between multicultural people depending on the political situation or system of the country of origin, may generalize beyond the differences of the times as a principle that can be universal in human society. So, more important than cultural or civilized differences between multipolar countries(e.g., between South Korea and North Korea and Japan) seems to be the difference in political situations. In this regard, it is thought that there is room for the general theory that the realistic political situation of the country of origin should be one of the most important analysis factor in understanding multipolar people even today.