항공운송서비스 산업의 경제적 역할과 한국 경제에 미치는 영향 - COVID-19 상황을 대처하기 위해 -

Abstract

The transportation industry is related to the input of resources procurement when producing goods and services. Swiftness, accuracy, and efficiency are very important factors to maximize the profit of the enterprises. In particular, the aviation transportation service industry is one of the most crucial industries internationally as well as domestically. Because it connects the world and promotes the flows of trade, tourism, and investment. However, the unprecedented disasters such as the current COVID-19 negatively impacts on this aviation transportation service industry. To properly cope with this situation, the impacts of the aviation transportation service industry and the roles of this sector, specifically, in the context of the Korea economy need to be proceeded. This study analyzes the Demand-driven model, the Supply-driven model, the Leontief price model, and the Inter-industry linkage analysis, which are the main models of the Input-Output analysis to investigate the economic role of the aviation transportation service industry and its impacts on other industries. The results of the analysis show that the effects of the aviation transportation service industry on other industries were 1.344, 0.551, and 0.206 which are resulting from the production inducing effects resulting, value-added inducing effects, and employee compensation inducing effects, respectively, based on the Demand-driven model. The supply shortage effect was 1.350 which is tested by the supply-driven model. The effect of inflation was 0.719% which was tested based on the Leontief price model. In terms of inter-industry linkage effects, we found two effects that named the forward effect and the backward effect. The results were 0.558, and 1.078, respectively, which indicates that the characteristics of the final demand industry. Overall, our results provide the insights that Korea’s aviation transportation service industry has grown into the more significant industry since its economic roles and its impacts have increased as compared to the previously published literature. Moreover, based on the results of the production inducing effect and supply shortage effect in the manufacturing industry, this study shows that the aviation transportation service industry became an important domain as a role of cargo transportation as well. The results of this study imply that the directions of the COVID-19 aid policy such as size and method of supports need to be developed depending on the effects of the industries which affected by the aviation transportation service industry. By understanding the role of the aviation transportation service industry and the quantitative impacts on the other industries, this research can contribute to establishing a policy to minimize the economic damage caused by the losses of the aviation transportation service industry.