압축근대와 생애과정의 구조 변동
Compressed modernity and the structural change of the life courses
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This article examines how the early life course transition to adulthood has changed in Korea over the period of compressed modernization using census data between 1960 and 2010. The author used entropy analysis to describe the changes in the heterogeneity of status combinations of transition events (leaving school, employment, marriage, and household headship). The total entropy has sharply decreased at teen ages between 1960 and 1990 because of the reduced contribution of conditional entropy of education and employment status, while the status heterogeneity of young people aged 25 or over has increased substantially due to increased contribution of marriage, education and employment status since 1990. Analysis of mutual information shows that the interconnection between transition events such as marriage and household headship, employment and marriage, employment and household headship has been strengthened until 1990 and weakened since then. The decrease of status heterogeneity for teenagers and coupling of transition markers between 1960 and 1990 point to standardization of the life course, while the increase of status heterogeneity for young people aged 25 or over and decoupling of transition markers since 1990 point to de-standardization of the life course. However the empirical results do not lead to any clear conclusion about individualization thesis. Future research should take agency issue more seriously through the theoretical integration of concepts from life course sociology and psychological life span theory, to examine whether the de-standardization trend can be interpreted as individualization of the life courses.
Abstract
This article examines how the early life course transition to adulthood has changed in Korea over the period of compressed modernization using census data between 1960 and 2010. The author used entropy analysis to describe the changes in the heterogeneity of status combinations of transition events (leaving school, employment, marriage, and household headship). The total entropy has sharply decreased at teen ages between 1960 and 1990 because of the reduced contribution of conditional entropy of education and employment status, while the status heterogeneity of young people aged 25 or over has increased substantially due to increased contribution of marriage, education and employment status since 1990. Analysis of mutual information shows that the interconnection between transition events such as marriage and household headship, employment and marriage, employment and household headship has been strengthened until 1990 and weakened since then. The decrease of status heterogeneity for teenagers and coupling of transition markers between 1960 and 1990 point to standardization of the life course, while the increase of status heterogeneity for young people aged 25 or over and decoupling of transition markers since 1990 point to de-standardization of the life course. However the empirical results do not lead to any clear conclusion about individualization thesis. Future research should take agency issue more seriously through the theoretical integration of concepts from life course sociology and psychological life span theory, to examine whether the de-standardization trend can be interpreted as individualization of the life courses.
참고문헌 (30)
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