드론 배송사업의 상용화를 위한 법적 연구 - 드론 조종자 자격제도 및 운항 절차를 중심으로 -

Abstract

As various projects using drones for economic and social innovation are carried out throughout the industry through convergence with high-tech technologies and technology development to improve drone performance, the transportation business using drones is in the spotlight anew in the logistics and distribution field. Accordingly, the United States and Japan are stepping up efforts to improve legislation to revitalize and commercialize the drone market. However, in the case of Korea, there are many tasks that need to be solved realistically in order to commercialize the delivery business using drones. Under the current legislation, drone delivery business is practically impossible because special approval must be obtained from the government every time to operate drones in urban areas, at night, and in non-visible areas. Previous research has mainly focused on analyzing the economic feasibility of drone delivery and solving security problems, and most of the research results have been in drone-related technology fields and non- technical fields on utilization methods and efficiency of manufactured drones. while the government has implemented regulatory-oriented policies considering only the safety aspects of drone operations, and has not even discussed specific measures to revitalize the drone delivery business. In order to commercialize the drone delivery business, it is necessary to prepare a realistic legislation that exempts special approval when a certain qualification operator, such as aircraft certification and control qualification, operates a drone according to the authorized operation procedure. Based on the cases of the United States and Japan, which have already significantly reorganized and implemented related laws to revitalize the drone delivery business, this paper sought specific improvements in drone qualifications and operation procedures suitable for Korea. In accordance with Korea's situation, we would like to open the way for commercialization of the drone delivery business by suggesting ways to grant additional limited qualifications to the current type 1 pilot certificate and establish new criteria for classification of drone operation procedures.