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농촌지역 사회복지사의 소진과 직무만족 및 이직의도에 대한 탐색

Exploring burnout, job satisfaction and turnover intention among rural social workers in the time of COVID-19 pandemic

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초록

본 연구는 코로나19 팬데믹 기간 동안 농촌지역 사회복지사의 소진, 직무만족 및 이직의도 간의 관계를 탐색하였다. 연구문제는 다음과 같이 제시하였다. 첫째, 농촌지역 아동복지분야 사회복지사의 소진 경험과 직무만족이 이직에 영향을 미치는가? 둘째, 소진과 이직 간의 관계가 직무만족의 저하와 관련되는가? 그리고 직무만족의 매개 효과가 있는가? 자료 수집은 전남지역 아동복지 사회복지사 306명을 대상으로 수집하였다. 자료 분석 방법은 t-검정과 다중회귀분석(Multiple Regression Analysis)을 활용하였다. 연구 분석 결과는 농촌지역 사회복지사의 소진, 직무만족 및 이직의도 간에 통계적으로 유의미한 결과를 보여주었다. 구체적으로, 사회복지사의 소진은 이직의도에 통계적으로 유의미한 정적(+) 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 소진과 직무만족이 이직의도에 미치는 영향을 분석하였는데, 소진과 이직의도는 정적(+) 영향, 직무만족과 이직의도는 부적(-) 영향의 관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 이 모델에서 직무만족이 소진과 이직의도 간의 관계에서 부분매개효과를 갖는 것으로 분석되었다. 끝으로 소진과 이직의도를 예방하고 관리하는 방안을 제시하였다.

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the relationships between burnout, job satisfaction, and turnover intention among rural social workers in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected by surveying 306 child welfare workers in the child welfare agencies in the Jeonnam area. Participants were purposively selected based on their employment in a child welfare agency. Turnover intention is significantly affected by burnout, job satisfaction and demographical characteristics, including age, education level, monthly income, and years of career. Job satisfaction is a partial mediating variable that affects the relationship between job burnout and turnover intention. Providing more educational opportunities and improving treatment for social workers are suggested to ameliorate job satisfaction, while conducting career planning courses and paying attention to employees’ psychological health are recommended to reduce job burnout. The measures above are expected to be helpful in reducing employee turnover rate and alleviating the current shortage of rural social workers in Korea.

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