한국 현대 백과사전의 담론적 성격에 대한 시론 - 1950∼1990년대 간행 인쇄본 백과사전을 중심으로 -

Abstract

Discourse is a statement made by an individual or group in society, expressed, exchanged, and accepted in a language. Printed encyclopedias have virtually lost their practicality, and in order to analyze the present value of encyclopedias in the reality that they are included in the sub-data of digital search and serviced, it is necessary to look back on the meaning of social discourse of encyclopedias of past decades. This article was written under the premise that the encyclopedia is a structure of discourse that describes the knowledge and objects of the time based on a specific discourse in order to outline the discourse represented by the Hangul encyclopedia published from the 1950s to the 1990s. This article is intended to explain that statements expressed in language that will be made, exchanged, and accepted by individuals or groups in society are defined as 'discourse', and the encyclopedia is intended to explain that the structure of discourse is presented to society as an expression of a specific discourse. In addition, encyclopedias published in Korean society from the 1950s to the 1990s have several systematically structured public discourses, and are outlined under the premise that a diverse and actively presented society satisfies the conditions for a relatively healthy democracy to operate smoothly. As a result, in the early 1950s, the reconstruction of national culture and the discourse of national enlightenment and the discourse that suggested Western culture introduced as a model of enlightenment showed a tendency to go together. In the 1970s, discourses of reflection and overcoming emerged, and in the 1980s, rapid urbanization and basic liberal arts discourses necessary for home study triggered the trend of distribution of encyclopedias. Along with this, an encyclopedia that reflected the powerful discourse system of'nationalism' was published, and the Korean version of a famous overseas encyclopedia symbolizing the modern enlightenment was published. In this way, representative encyclopedias compiled according to the modern and contemporary history of Korea were each requested according to the situation of the times or compiled based on the discourse awakened by the publishing subject. The structure of the encyclopedia reflected the structure of the culture and ideas of society at the time, and the concrete form of the ideal discourse, and the editor of the encyclopedia was a literary representative representing society, a knowledge critic and a discourse producer. However, the traditional meaning of printed encyclopedias in the digital age seems to have been reduced to sub-data of search portals, disintegrating the subject and content, and volatilizing the identity as a discourse composition.