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Multiplexed targeting of microRNA in stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles for regenerative medicine

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초록

Regenerative medicine is a research field that develops methodsto restore damaged cell or tissue function by regeneration, repairor replacement. Stem cells are the raw material of the bodythat is ultimately used from the point of view of regenerativemedicine, and stem cell therapy uses cells themselves or theirderivatives to promote responses to diseases and dysfunctions,the ultimate goal of regenerative medicine. Stem cell-derivedextracellular vesicles (EVs) are recognized as an attractive sourcebecause they can enrich exogenous microRNAs (miRNAs) bytargeting pathological recipient cells for disease therapy and canovercome the obstacles faced by current cell therapy agents. However, there are some limitations that need to be addressedbefore using miRNA-enriched EVs derived from stem cells formultiplexed therapeutic targeting in many diseases. Here, wereview various roles on miRNA-based stem cell EVs that caninduce effective and stable functional improvement of stemcell-derived EVs. In addition, we introduce and review the implicationsof several miRNA-enriched EV therapies improvedby multiplexed targeting in diseases involving the circulatorysystem and nervous system. This systemic review may offerpotential roles for stem cell-derived therapeutics with multiplexedtargeting.

Abstract

Regenerative medicine is a research field that develops methodsto restore damaged cell or tissue function by regeneration, repairor replacement. Stem cells are the raw material of the bodythat is ultimately used from the point of view of regenerativemedicine, and stem cell therapy uses cells themselves or theirderivatives to promote responses to diseases and dysfunctions,the ultimate goal of regenerative medicine. Stem cell-derivedextracellular vesicles (EVs) are recognized as an attractive sourcebecause they can enrich exogenous microRNAs (miRNAs) bytargeting pathological recipient cells for disease therapy and canovercome the obstacles faced by current cell therapy agents. However, there are some limitations that need to be addressedbefore using miRNA-enriched EVs derived from stem cells formultiplexed therapeutic targeting in many diseases. Here, wereview various roles on miRNA-based stem cell EVs that caninduce effective and stable functional improvement of stemcell-derived EVs. In addition, we introduce and review the implicationsof several miRNA-enriched EV therapies improvedby multiplexed targeting in diseases involving the circulatorysystem and nervous system. This systemic review may offerpotential roles for stem cell-derived therapeutics with multiplexedtargeting.

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