Elevated plasma α1-antichymotrypsin is a biomarker candidate for malaria patients
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Advancements in the field of proteomics have provided opportunitiesto develop diagnostic and therapeutic strategies againstvarious diseases. About half of the world’s population remainsat risk of malaria. Caused by protozoan parasites of the genusPlasmodium, malaria is one of the oldest and largest risk factorsresponsible for the global burden of infectious diseases with anestimated 3.2 billion persons at risk of infection. For epidemiologicalsurveillance and appropriate treatment of individuals infectedwith Plasmodium spp., timely detection is critical. Inthis study, we used combinations of depletion of abundant plasmaproteins, 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE), image analysis,LC-MS/MS and western blot analysis on the plasma of healthydonors (100 individuals) and vivax and falciparum malaria patients(100 vivax malaria patients and 8 falciparum malaria patients). These analyses revealed that α1-antichymotrypsin (AACT)protein levels were elevated in vivax malaria patient plasmasamples (mean fold-change ± standard error: 2.83 ± 0.11, based onband intensities), but not in plasma from patients with other mosquito-borne infectious diseases. The results of AACT immunoblotanalyses showed that AACT protein was significantly elevatedin vivax and falciparum malaria patient plasma samples(≥ 2-fold) compared to healthy control donor plasma samples,which has not been previously reported.
Abstract
Advancements in the field of proteomics have provided opportunitiesto develop diagnostic and therapeutic strategies againstvarious diseases. About half of the world’s population remainsat risk of malaria. Caused by protozoan parasites of the genusPlasmodium, malaria is one of the oldest and largest risk factorsresponsible for the global burden of infectious diseases with anestimated 3.2 billion persons at risk of infection. For epidemiologicalsurveillance and appropriate treatment of individuals infectedwith Plasmodium spp., timely detection is critical. Inthis study, we used combinations of depletion of abundant plasmaproteins, 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE), image analysis,LC-MS/MS and western blot analysis on the plasma of healthydonors (100 individuals) and vivax and falciparum malaria patients(100 vivax malaria patients and 8 falciparum malaria patients). These analyses revealed that α1-antichymotrypsin (AACT)protein levels were elevated in vivax malaria patient plasmasamples (mean fold-change ± standard error: 2.83 ± 0.11, based onband intensities), but not in plasma from patients with other mosquito-borne infectious diseases. The results of AACT immunoblotanalyses showed that AACT protein was significantly elevatedin vivax and falciparum malaria patient plasma samples(≥ 2-fold) compared to healthy control donor plasma samples,which has not been previously reported.
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