폐암환자의 스티그마, 디스트레스와 삶의 질의 관계
The Relationships between Stigma, Distress, and Quality of Life in Patients with Lung Cancer
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본 연구는 폐암 환자의 스티그마, 디스트레스와 삶의 질의 관계를 규명함으로써 폐암 환자의 삶의 질 향상을 위한 심리사회적 간호중재 개발을 위한 기초자료를 얻기 위하여 시도되었다. 연구대상은 서울에 소재하는 일개 종합병원의 외래를 방문하는 18세 이상의 성인 폐암 환자 123명이었으며, 2011년 7월 21일부터 8월 29일까지 구조화된 자가보고형 설문지를 이용하여 자료를 수집하였다. 스티그마는 Cataldo 등5)이 개발한 Cataldo Lung Cancer Stigma Scale을 번안하여 측정하였고, 디스트레스는 Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)로, 삶의 질은 한글버전 EORTC QLQ-C30 (Quality of Life Questionnaire, Core 30)을 사용하여 측정하였다. 수집한 자료는 SPSS Window 19.0 프로그램을 이용하여 실수와 백분율, 평균, 평균평점, 표준편차, t-검정, 분산분석과 Pearson 상관계수로 분석하였다. 결론적으로 폐암 환자들이 인지하는 스티그마가 클수록 디스트레스, 증상은 증가하였으며, 삶의 질과 기능이 저하됨을 알 수 있다. 또한 대상자들의 디스트레스가 증가할수록 삶의 질과 기능은 감소하고 증상은 심해졌다. 따라서 폐암환자의 스티그마와 디스트레스를 사전에 사정하고 관리할 수 있는 중재방안이 필요함을 알 수 있다. 이상의 결과를 근거로 제언을 해보면, 첫째, 흡연관련 스티그마가 폐암 환자에게 미치는 영향을 확인하기 위한 반복연구가 필요하다. 둘째, 폐암 환자의 삶의 질에 영향을 주는 다양한 요인들을 확인하기 위한 연구가 필요하다. 셋째, 폐암 환자의 삶의 질을 예측할 수 있는 모형에 대한 연구가 필요하다.
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between stigma, distress, and quality of life (QOL) in patients with lung cancer. Methods: The subjects of the study were 123 lung cancer patients who visited the outpatient department of S hospital in Seoul from July 21st to August 29th, 2011. To measure stigma, distress, and QOL, Cataldo Lung Cancer Stigma Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and EORTC QLQ-C30 (Quality of Life Questionnaire, Core 30) were used in this study. The collected data were analyzed using frequency, average, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation with SPSS WIN 19.0. Results: Stigma showed positive correlations with anxiety, depression, and symptom (r=.37, p<.001; r=.44, p<.001; r=.23 p=.012), while it showed negative correlations with global QOL and function (r=-.26, p=.003; r=-.40, p<.001). Anxiety and depression also positively correlated with symptoms (r=.43, p<.001; r=.58, p<.001) while anxiety and depression negatively correlated with global QOL (r=-.40, p<.001; r=-.56, p<.001) and function (r=-.64, p<.001; r=-.66, p<.001). Conclusion: The findings of the study demonstrated that lung cancer patients experienced stigma and distress that had a negative influence on the subjects’ QOL. Thus the study’s findings can be useful in developing psychosocial nursing strategies to improve QOL of lung cancer patients in the future.
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