폐암환자의 스티그마와 디스트레스가 삶의 질에 미치는 영향
Impacts of Stigma and Distress on the Quality of Life in Patients with Lung Cancer
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본 연구는 폐암 환자의 스티그마와 디스트레스가 삶의 질에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위해 시도되었다. 본 연구는 대구시의 C와 K 대학교 병원의 폐암 병동에 입원했거나 호흡기센터 외래에 방문했던 폐암 환자 122명을 대상으로 2013년 8월 1일부터 2014년 4월 30일까지 자료 수집하였다. 스티그마, 디스트레스 및 삶의 질을 측정하기 위해 Cataldo Lung Cancer Stigma Scale, Distress Thermometer와 problem list, 그리고 Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Lung Cancer(FACT-L) 도구를 사용하였다. 자료는 SPSS/WIN 22.0 프로그램을 이용하여 기술통계, t-test와 ANOVA, 사후 검증은 Sheffe의 다중비교 방법 및 Pearson's correlation로 분석하였다. 연구결과 스티그마는 디스트레스와 순상관관계가 있으며, 스티그마와 디스트레스는 삶의 질과 역상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 삶의 질에 영향을 미치는 유의한 요인은 디스트레스, 치료유형, 직업유무로 이들 변수의 삶의 질에 대한 설명력은 38.0%이었다. 또한 삶의 질에 가장 유의하게 영향을 미치는 요인은 디스트레스로 나타났다. 폐암 환자가 경험하고 있는 스티그마와 디스트레스는 삶의 질에 부정적인 영향을 미치고 있으므로, 앞으로 폐암 환자의 삶의 질을 향상시키기 위해서는 디스트레스 문제와 디스트레스 정도 및 스티그마를 주기적으로 사정하고 관리하는 중재프로그램 개발이 필요하다.
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify the impacts of stigma and distress on the quality of life in patients with lung cancer. Methods: The participants of this study were 122 lung cancer patients who were admitted to the lung cancer ward or visited the outpatient respiratory center of C and K university hospital in Daegu, South Korea, from August 1st, 2013 to April 30th, 2014. To measure stigma, distress and quality of life, Cataldo Lung Cancer Stigma Scale, Distress Thermometer and Problem List and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Lung Cancer(FACT-L) were used. Using the SPSS/WIN 22.0 program, data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, the post-hoc-scheffé test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression. Results: Stigma showed correlations with positive distress. Stigma and distress were negatively correlated with quality of life. The significant factors influencing the quality of life include distress, type of treatment, and Job, and they explained 38.0% of the variance. Distress was one of the most frequent psychological factors regarding quality of life in lung cancer patients. Conclusion: Lung cancer experience with stigma and distress had a negative influence on quality of life. The results demonstrate the need of developing an intervention program which regularly assesses and control lung cancer patients with distress and stigma in order to improve their quality of life.
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