기록적인 2023/24년 한반도 겨울 강수 특성 및 대기패턴의 영향

Abstract

This study investigates the atmospheric characteristics of the 2023/24 winter season (December to February) over the Korean Peninsula, which shows unusual precipitation and warm weather, and analyzes the associated changes in atmospheric patterns across the Northern Hemisphere. The daily average precipitation was about 2.6 mm day1 during the 2023/24 winter in the observational data from Korean Meteorological Administration, which was approximately 2.5 times higher than the climatology. The primary reason for this precipitation is the advection of warm and moist air from lower latitudes. This intensified advection during this season is driven by two main factors: (1) a poleward shift in the storm track due to an anomalous high-pressure system over the East Sea and (2) anomalous anticyclonic circulation (AAC) over the Maritime Continent. The poleward shift in the storm track was caused by the northward movement of the East Asian jet stream, creating strong baroclinic instability around the Korean Peninsula. This led to the intensified meridional heat and moisture fluxes through low-pressure systems. Additionally, Rossby wave propagation, originating from central Siberia, influenced advection by establishing high pressure over the East Sea in February 2024. The AAC, induced by suppressed convection due to Walker Circulation and El Niño conditions, further contributed to warm, moist air inflow through southerly winds.