장기간 지상 관측자료를 이용한 한반도 삼면에서의 해풍 특성

Abstract

Characteristics of the sea breezes in four different regions (Incheon, Boryeong, Boseong, and Donghae) located in the west, southwest, south, and east coasts of the Korean Peninsula were investigated using available long-term surface and buoy observational data for more than 13 up to 25 years between 1999 and 2023. In this study, we established a method for defining the Sea Breeze Days (SBD) by applying four criteria to the hourly recorded data. It was found that the seasonal variations and long-term trends in the SBD are different at four regions due to the regional characteristics of the sea breezes. The total frequency of the SBD was the lowest in Incheon (west coast) at 17.5% and the highest in Boryeong (southwest coast) at 40.5%. The occurrence of the SBD is generally high in summer than winter. Long-term trend of the SBD with onset time and duration of the sea breeze was found to be significantly different from each region due to the local changes of in-land and offshore temperatures and urbanization. In Donghae (east coast), frequency of the SBD was declined suddenly after 2019 due to the rapid increase in annual sea surface temperature, which reduced the strength of the sea breeze in this area. In Incheon (west coast), nighttime temperature related to urbanization has increased more significantly from the past, and the cessation of sea breeze has been delayed. This was attributed to the gradual decrease in the frequency of the SBD, which adversely increased the duration of sea breeze.