감사위원회 품질 및 특성과 외부감사인 사이의 관련성
Effects of Audit Committee's Quality and Characteristics on Audit Firms
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본 연구에서는 선행연구에서 감사위원회 효과에 영향을 미치는 감사위원회 특성으로 파악된 변수를 점수화하여 감사위원회 품질을 측정하고, 감사위원회 품질과 외부감사인 사이의 관계를 분석하였다. 또한, 감사위원회 효과에 영향을 미치는 감사위원회 특성을 측정한 변수에 대해 요 인분석을 실시하여 감사위원회 특성을 공통요인으로 구분한 다음, 감사위원회 특성의 공통요인 과 외부감사인 사이의 관계를 파악하였다. 2000년부터 2012년까지 한국거래소 유가증권시장에 상장된 비금융기업 가운데, 감사위원회를 도입한 1,461개 기업-년 자료를 분석에 사용하였다. 본 연구의 주요 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 감사위원회 품질은 외부감사인 규모에 유의적인 양(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났 다. 이러한 결과는 감사위원회 품질이 높아지면 고품질의 외부감사서비스에 대한 수요가 증가하 기 때문에, 감사위원회는 높은 품질의 외부감사서비스를 제공하는 외부감사인을 선임한다는 것 으로 해석하였다. 둘째, 감사위원회의 독립성과 전문성은 외부감사인 규모에 유의적인 양(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 검증결과를 감사위원회의 독립성과 전문성이 높아질수록 높은 품질의 감사서비스를 제공하는 외부감사인을 선임한다는 것으로 해석하였다. 셋째, 감사위원회의 경영자 유대관계는 외부감사인 규모에 유의적인 음(-)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 감사위원회와 경영자 사이의 유대관계가 경영자 감시를 위한 감사위원회의 외부감사 수요를 감소시킬 수 있기 때문에, 고품질 외부감사인을 선임할 가능성이 낮아진다는 것으로 해석하였다. 이러한 검증결과는 감사위원회 품질이 높을수록 높은 품질의 외부감사인을 선임한다는 주장에 대한 실증증거를 제시한다. 또한 감사위원회의 독립성과 전문성이 높고 감사위원회와 경영자 사 이의 유대관계가 낮은 경우, 감사위원회가 높은 품질의 외부감사인을 선임한다는 주장에 대한 실증근거를 보여준다.
Abstract
This study examines the effect of audit committee’s quality on audit firms. The paper further investigates the relationship between audit committee’s characteristics and audit firms. The sample of this study includes 1,461 non-financial firm-year data listed on the Korea Stock Exchange from 2000 to 2012. The main empirical results of this paper are as follows: First, we find that audit committee’s quality is positively related to audit firm’s size. This result support our hypothesis that audit committee with high quality may demand big audit firms to improve external audit quality. Second, we uncover that independence and expertise of audit committee are positively associated with audit firm’s size. These facts suggest that audit committees with independence and expertise will demand higher external audit services to inspect managers’ activities. Third, we show that audit committees’ tie to CEO has negative relation with audit firm’s size. This finding indicates that audit committee tied to CEO will prefer not to inspect managers’ activities.
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