분권화수준과 예산시스템의 활용이 통제의 역기능과 경영성과에 미치는 영향
The Effects of Degree of Decentralization and the Use of Budget System on Dysfunctional Behaviors of Control and Organizational Performances
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이 연구는 분권화수준과 예산시스템의 이용방식이 통제역기능과 경영성과에 미치는 영향을 규명해 보고자 하였다. 예산시스템의 이용방식은 진단적 이용과 상호작용적 이용으로 구분하였고, 통제의 역기능은 예산슬랙과 단기지향성으로, 경영성과는 재무성과와 비재무성과로 분류하였다. 121개의 상장제조업을 대상으로 연구가설을 검증하였는데 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 분권화수준이 높은 기업일수록 예산시스템을 상호작용적으로 이용하고 있다는 사실을 발견할 수가 있었다. 둘째, 분권화수준이 높은 경우에 예산슬랙이 감소되는 것으로 나타났고, 예산시스템을 상호작용적으로 이용한다면 예산슬랙과 단기지향성도 감소되는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 기업의 분권화수준이 높고 예산시스템을 상호작용적으로 활용한다면 예산슬랙을 감소시키고 단기지향성도 줄여주어 통제의 역기능을 완화할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 예산시스템을 상호작용적으로 이용하면서 단기지향성을 추구하게 된다면 비재무적 성과의 개선에 부정적인 영향을 미친다는 점도 확인할 수가 있었다. 이 연구는 분권화수준과 예산시스템의 상호작용적 이용이 예산슬랙 및 단기지향성의 감소와 경영성과의 개선에 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있다는 사실을 규명하였다는 점에서 유효한 예산시스템을 구축하고 활용하려는 기업에 의미 있는 시사점을 제공할 수 있을 것이다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of degree of decentralization and the use of budget system on dysfunctions of control and organizational performances. The use of budget systems is classified into 'diagnostic uses' versus 'interactive use, budgetary slack creation and managerial short-term orientation were used to construct dysfunctional behaviors of control, and organizational performances were divided into financial and non-financial performances. Empirical analyses were performed on the survey data of 121 business unit executives of manufacturing firms listed in the Korea Stock Exchange, and the results are as follows: Firstly, interactive use was more prevalent in firms that highly pursued decentralization. Secondly, pursuing decentralization reduced budgetary slack while interactive use reduced budgetary slack, and managerial short-term orientation. Thirdly, firms that pursued a higher fit between degree of decentralization and interactive use of budget system were found to reduce on both budgetary slack creation and managerial short-term orientation. And pursuing managerial short-term orientation while firms that pursued interactive use had negative effects on non-financial performance. This study's significance lies in the fact that it conducted empirical analysis on effect of interactive use of budgetary system on controlling dysfunctional behaviors of control and organizational performances. It is expected that this study will hint on how to utilize budgetary system in order to enable the business to sustain its growth in this modern business environment.
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