금융소득의 범위조정을 통한 이원적 소득과세의 도입 방안에 대한 연구

Abstract

The This study emphasizes the necessity of introducing dual income taxation into Korea based on the current condition and direction of income taxation among leading countries adopting dual income taxation. In addition, this study points out that in order to introduce and implement dual income taxation, one prerequisite is unification of financial income in a way of adjusting the scope of financial income. Realization of equity and income redistribution is the most important goal and basic principle of income taxation in Korea. For this reason, it is viewed that combining all the incomes and imposing taxes on them can achieve equity in tax burdens among high－income and low－income brackets. Accordingly, the conditional taxation on global income is applied to financial income for the purpose of improving the vertical equity in financial income taxation. However, only the income from interests and the income from dividends are included in the scope of financial income while profits from stock sales are classified as subject to transfer income taxation. The most outstanding feature of dual income taxation is that capital income (financial income) is distinguished from the earned income (non－financial income) in taxation. Due to the relatively high liquidity, the tax rate applied to the capital income of a high possibility of outflow to foreign countries is lower than that applied to the earned income. The purpose of this study is to examine the necessity of dual income taxation of financial income as a way to improve the problems of financial income taxation. The research method for this is to review the current status and trends of income taxation in several major countries that currently operate dual income taxation. As a result of the study, it is necessary to introduce dual income taxation of financial income, and suggests concrete improvement directions for dual income taxation. First, the scope of taxation on capital gains, which are equity transfer gains, should be expanded; second, the unification of financial income including interest and dividend income should be adjusted. Third, the tax rate adjustment is necessary in terms of taxation equity between earned income and capital income.