李瀷과 이익학맥의『대학』 해석과 그 전승

Abstract

This study reviewed the origin and contents of Yi Ik (李瀷) and his school’s analyses of 『The Great Learning』 and examined the transmission. The origin of the core concepts of luminous virtue (明德), investigation of things (格物), etc. in 『The Great Learning』 was first examined by focusing on Yun Hyu (尹鑴) and Yi Ik and his school’s understanding of 『The Great Learning』 was reviewed. As for Yi Ik and his school’s understanding of 『The Great Learning』, luminous virtue (明德) was understood as nature (性). Yi Ik･Kwon Cheolsin (權哲身)･An Jeongbok (安鼎福), etc. all understood luminous virtue as nature. Yun Hyu already understood luminous virtue as nature and analyzed it by expanding it into filial piety･fraternity (孝･悌). And Kwon Cheolsin (權哲身)･Lee Giyang (李基讓), etc. understood luminous virtue as nature and filial piety･fraternity･kindness (孝･悌･慈) by accepting Yun Hyu’s theory. An Jeongbok argued that the truth of luminous virtue is nature and it functions in heart (心). Jeong Yak-yong (丁若鏞) defined luminous virtue as filial piety･fraternity by understanding that nature (性) and conduct (行) are included in these interpretations of luminous virtue. Yi Ik said that the book, 『The Great Learning』 came from 『Book of Changes』. He argued like this mentioning Chapter 10 of Premise (傳第十章) in 『The Great Learning』 and suggested Tradition of the Appended Statements in 『Book of Changes』 which mentioned Ije (理財) and Yongin (用人) as the reason. And he also suggested luminous virtue and its annotation by quoting them in Jin trigram (晉卦) and Myeongi trigram (明夷卦) in it. Yun Hyu interpreted investigating (格) of investigation of things (格物) as penetrates forthwith to all phenomena and events(感通). Kwon Cheolsin also understood investigating as penetrates forthwith to all phenomena and events by accepting Yun Hyu’s interpretation of it. On the other hand, Kwon Cheolsin understood investigation of things as mul (物:things) of Gyeokmulyubonmal (格物有本末) and chiji as ji (知:cognition) of Chijisoseonhu (致知所先後). This theory accepted Wanggi (王畿)’s theory and Jeong Yak-yong also supported and accepted this. Jeong Yak-yong declared thorough separation from Zhu Xi (朱熹) in interpretation of luminous virtue and investigation of things in 『The Great Learning』. Yi Ik understood investigating (格) of investigation of things (格物) as ‘distinguish’, while Jeong Yak-yong did it as ‘consider (量度)’. This interpretation by Jeong Yak-yong accepted that by Mao Qi-ling (毛奇齡). Therefore, Jeong Yak-yong’s luminous virtue theory inherited views of Rho Hyoson (盧孝孫)･Yun Hyu･Kwon Cheolsin･Lee Giyang, etc. and his investigation of things theory can be thought to understand and accept Wanggi’s theory of extending knowledge by fully apprehending the coherence of things through Mao Qi-ling’s theory and Kwon Cheolsin.