A Case Study on POLICE Activities for Effective Disaster Management

Abstract

Purpose: As modern society becomes dense, complex, and wide-ranging, even small accidents often cause a se-ries of infrastructure collapse or human casualty which leading to a national crisis. The government always prom-ises to be thoroughly prepared to prevent the same accident in the future, but despite many proposals and measures, similar types of accidents occur repeatedly after a certain period of time. Now, distrust is building up in the government which has failed to manage the disaster. In this paper, considering this reality, we believe that national capabilities should first be invested intensively in initial measures for appropriate actions at Golden Time, and we would like to present a plan to secure capabilities by dividing them into software and hardware parts for appropriate initial action. Method: Inappropriate initial measures in post-evaluations are pointed out as problems every time a disaster occurs. Research would like to check what problems are there through recent cases in Korea and draw implications for effective initial measures in the future. Based on previous national crisis and disaster, case study method is conducted to analyze military, state, local government, police and coast guard’s initial measures and action. Re-search focused on 2010 ROKS Cheonan sinking, 2014 Sinking of MV Sewol and 2019 defecting of North Korean wooden boat cases. Overviews of each cases will be introduced and case analysis of each cases’ initial measure will be discussed. Results: Case analysis of previous disaster’s initial measures show importance of initial measure. Re-searchers suggest that improvement measures must be prepared to utilize the police’s 112 system in times of crisis such as disasters. In this paper, researchers suggest two different way(legal and physical) to improve initial measure of the police and coast guards’ in the event of a disaster. In legal way, research focuses on law and regulation of author-ities, police, coast guards and the Disaster Safety Act. Physical way discuss about equipment, expert training, and overall system of comprehensive disaster management. More detail will be discussed later. Conclusion: Problems commonly pointed out in the BAI reports, media, civic groups, and investigative agencies that have analyzed accidents in the past are inexperienced initial measures within Golden Time. There is a golden time in every crisis, so appropriate measures can save people, minimize property damage, or end the case early by putting only a small national capability in dealing with it afterward. Researchers believe that limited national resources can be efficiently responded in the event of a disaster by first strengthening the field of initial measures. In the future, when the autonomous police system is implemented, the national · autonomous police officers will be separated and the 112 system will be separated too. In that situation, Central Disaster and Safety Counter-measures Headquarters, local government, National Coast Guards, and National Fire Agency will have hard time in communication and chain of command. In the event of a crisis while receiving a crisis-related report or on-site patrol, it should be clearly stipulated that all reports should be dispatched first regardless of authorities.