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소비자 내러티브를 활용한 브랜드 소비경험의 이해에 관한 질적연구 - 해석주의 관점에서의 내러티브 접근법을 중심으로

Qualitative Research of Understanding Consumer’s Experiences of Brand Consumption Using Consumer Narratives: A Narrative Approach from an Interpretivist Perspective

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초록

본 연구는 소비자가 기술하는 소비자 내러티브를 토대로 브랜드 소비경험을 질적으로 해석하고 심층적으로 이해하는데 초점을 맞추고 있다. 특히, 해석주의 관점에서의 내러티브 분석을 통해 브랜드 소비경험의 결과에 대한 구체적 내용을 심도 있게 검토하고 ‘경험으로서의 소비’의 관점에서 경험의 내용들을 구성하는 일련의 유형 혹은 주제(theme)들이 존재하는지를 파악하는데 주된 연구목적이 있다. 이에 더해 소비경험 관련 기억에 관해 소비자가 드러내는 내러티브를 통해 소비경험이 어떻게 상징적인 브랜드 의미 창출로 이어지고, 브랜드 의미가 삶의 관계 속에서 소비자에 의해 어떻게 내면적으로 상징화 되며, 소비가치 및 소비동기와 어떤 연관성을 지니는지를 심도 깊게 파악하고 해석해보고자 했다. 소비자의 자전적 에세이를 해석학적 관점에서 내러티브 분석한 결과, 소비자들은 자신의 경험들을 자신이나 다른 사람들에게 이야기함에 있어서 제품이나 브랜드를 언급하는 경우가 많았는데, 자신들의 이야기 속에서 특정의 역할, 액션, 관계 등을 브랜드에 대입하는 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 일상의 삶 속에서 개개인들의 브랜드 소비경험 스토리는 장소, 등장인물, 갈등상황, 반전, 결말 등의 내러티브 구조를 지니고 있는 것으로 파악되었다. 소비자 내러티브 분석을 통해 소비자의 제품 및 브랜드 소비경험들은 다음의 상이하면서도 중복적인 5가지 유형, 1) 신화적 원형의 재연, 2) 노스탤지어, 3) 감각과 오락적 소비 4) 초월적소비, 5) 자아형성과 재현으로서의 소비 등의 주요 테마들(themes)로 범주화 할 수 있었다.

Abstract

The purpose of this qualitative research is to deeply understand and describe consumer’s brand consumption experience using consumer narratives of the self-introspective essays. More specifically, this article is to thoroughly examine the narratives to find what constitutes the contents of the experiences, how consumers create brand meanings and symbolize those meanings with the brand experiences in their daily lives. The analysis is based on a narrative approach from an interpretivist perspective. The results of narrative analysis show the structure of narratives of brand experience within a narrative framing of plots, setting, character, tension, solution, and conclusion in the context of social relationships. The analysis also shows that consumption experience constitutes five distinctive themes related to the brand consumption experiences: ① the enactment of a mythical archetype, ② nostalgia, ③ sensorial and entertainment, ④ transcendent consumption, and ⑤ self-construction and representation.

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