퇴계의 음악, 한국적 음악치유학의 립을 위한 가능성 모색

Abstract

The theoretical basis of musical therapies now in practice in Korea is on the thoughts of ancient Greek philosophers. Accepting and developing a variety of techniques and methods from the Western psychological theories and musical pedagogics, Korean musical therapies have affirmative effects on Korean people and society. The ancient Greek philosophers, the pioneers of the Western musical therapeutics, thought every disease came from the loss of order, and emphasized that the order of body and mind should be regained by the use of music. Their emphasis is not so different from the musical theory of confucianism, which could be told as the principle of the universal order and harmony. Those Joseon scholars who accepted confucianism thoroughly recognized that body and mind, social interactions, nature and all creatures are intertwined as one organism by people’s using music as a way of training their body and mind. I examined a possibility for founding Korean musical therapeutics by Toegye’s idea on music. His idea on music originated from the music of ancient saints and it stood for the order and harmony of human beings, society and all creatures. He also suggested that music should manifest human being’s good will. Toegye transcribed Hwalinsimbang in order to make people keep their health, control their emotions and live long lives together. The book says that human body has a close relation with music, and harmonized emotion through music can bring in health. Not only did he mention the relation between music and health, the relation between music and emotion in many writings but he led it by personal example by creating “Dosansibigok” at the age of sixty-five. The purposes of “Dosansibigok” are: First, to change an individual’s character and trait; Second, to replace obscenity, gaudiness, pride, and debauchery with mild, gentle, sincere, and grave emotion. He confirmed who needs the mild, gentle, sincere and grave emotion, and mentioned clearly the ways and effects of musical therapy in the epilogue of “Dosansibigok”. The music of Toegye could be a possibility for founding Korean musical therapeutics and could be a cornerstone for healing.