노래로서 도산십이곡의 구현: 악보 및 가사에 담긴 교육적 함의

Abstract

Toegye Yi Hwang, who longed for a world of the Truth Manifestation (Li-bal, 理發), developed a series of concrete works in his later years. Along with the completion of Dosan Seodang for nurturing juniors at the age of 61 and the production of Seonghaksipdo, the Ten Diagrams on Sage Learning, at the age of 68, he wrote the lyrics of the Dosan 12 Poems at 65 while asking for a melody to be added. However, the Dosan 12 Poems has not been completed as a song, and has been delivered as a classic Korean poem. This study tried to implement the Dosan 12 Poems as a ‘complete song’ by making the score and examining the educational implications contained in the lyrics from a general modern point of view. First, by examining the revised part of the lyrics and the contents of the epilogue, six requirements were derived for the melody of the Dosan 12 Poems. The melody composed in accordance with this was tested and applied to groups of various characteristics in the educational field for the past three years, and then Korean and English scores were completed and presented. Also, in the broad context that Toegye emphasized ‘the Manifestation of the Truth (Li-bal, 理發)’ and ‘Reverent Mindfulness (Gyeong, 敬)’, the contents of the epilogue and lyrics were examined. In the epilogue, it was found that Toegye wrote the poems for the public to sing to bring out one’s soft, gentle, sincere and steadfast mind (On-yu-don-hu, 溫柔敦厚), to blow one’s narrow-mindedness away (Tang-cheok-bi-rin, 蕩滌鄙吝), and to unite with nature (Gam-bal-yung-tong, 感發融通), which are all connected with Reverent Mindfulness (Gyeong, 敬) emphasized by Toegye. In the same context, ‘the words about will (Eonji, 言志)’ of the first six poems is interpreted as one’s mind and will towards the Truth, and ‘the words about study (Eonhak, 言學)’ of the following six poems is interpreted as study to explore the Truth. In other words, the first six songs and the last six songs were understood as the relationship between the ‘mind’ and ‘action’ towards the Truth. As a result, the educational implications contained in the lyrics of each of the 12 poems could be derived from a general perspective. Through the song of the Dosan 12 Poems, it is hoped that the gentle and generous personal self that was kept in Toegye’s study and life will become a ‘cultural gene’ to replicate and spread beyond space and time.