구미지역의 모유수유 실태와 관련요인
Breastfeeding Rate and its Related Factors in Gumi
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초록
본 연구는 구미지역의 모유수유 실태를 파악하고 그와 관련된 요인들을 분석하여 모유수유의 효과적인 실천과 모유수유율 향상에 필요한 기초자료를 얻기 위하여 수행하였다. 2011년 1월 10일부터 2011년 3월10일까지 구미지역에 거주하며 구미보건소, 인동보건지소의 예방접종실 및 모자보건실을 방문한 6개월 이상 36개월 미만의 영아를 둔 어머니 300명 중 설문에응답한 288명을 대상으로 조사하였다. 1. 생후 6개월간 수유형태를 살펴보면 완전모유수유율은 1주 52.1%, 1개월 61.1%, 6개월 55.6%였고, 혼합수유율은 1주 43.4%, 1개월 33.0%, 6개월19.4%였으며, 분유수유율은 1주 4.5%, 1개월 5.9%, 6개월 25.0%였다. 2. 생후 1개월의 완전모유수유 여부를 종속변수로한 다중 로지스틱 회귀 분석 결과, 모유수유하기로 계획한 기간이 1년~2년인 경우, 분만병원에서 젖 먹이는 법을 자세히 가르쳐 준 경우, 분만병원에서 아기에게 분유나 포도당을 주지 않은 경우, 분만병원에서 모자동실을 사용한 경우, 가정에서 산후몸조리 할 경우가 완전모유수유 할 가능성이 높았다. 3. 생후 6개월의 완전모유수유 여부를 종속변수로한 다중 로지스틱 회귀 분석 결과, 전업주부인 경우, 산전 모유수유 교육을 받은 경우, 모유수유하기로 계획한 기간이 기 6개월 이상으로 길어질수록, 분만병원에서 아기에게 젖을 처음 물린 시기가 분만 후 30분이내인 경우가, 생후 1개월에 완전모유수유할 경우 가능성이 높았다. 즉 생후 6개월은 어머니의 직업이나어머니의 모유수유에 대한 실천의지, 그리고 생후 1개월에 완전모유수유에 성공하는 것에 영향을 받았다. 이상의 연구결과로 볼 때, 생후 1개월 완전모유수유율을 높이기 위해서는 분만병원이 ‘성공적인 엄마젖 먹이기 10단계’를 준수하도록 해야 하며, 산후조리원 또한 가정과 같은 안락함을 줄 수 있는 ‘아기에게 친근한산후조리원’이 되도록 하며, 산후몸조리를 도와주는 사람을 대상으로 모유수유교육을 하는 것이 필요하다. 생후 6개월 완전모유수유율을 높이기 위해서는 직장여성이 모유수유를 지속할 수 있도록 분만휴가나 육아휴직을 가지며 ‘엄마에게 친근한 일터’ 운동을 지속해나가는 전략이 필요하다. 또한 산전 모유수유 교육 프로그램의 활성화로 어머니의 실천의지를 높여주어 생후 1개월에 완전모유수유에 성공할 수 있도록 도와주어야 한다.
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this research was to observe the rate of breastfeeding and to identify factors related to the breastfeeding in Gumi. Methods: Study subjects were 288 mothers with infants aged between 6 and 36 months who visited public health center and Indong public health office in Gumi. The data were collected from January to March, 2011, and were analyzed by using SPSS 18.0 with descriptive statistics, chisquare test and multiple logistic regression analyses. Results: As a result of a multiple logistic regression analysis, the significant variables affecting the breastfeeding in the first month were the period intended to breastfeed, learning how to breastfeed at hospital after delivery, not give formula feeding, rooming-in and postpartum care type. As a result of a multiple logistic regression analysis, the significant variables affecting the breastfeeding in the 6th month were mother's employment status, participation in the prenatal education about breastfeeding, the period intended to breastfeed, starting time of breastfeeding at hospital after delivery, breastfeeding in the first month. Conclusions: First, accelerate implementation of the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative and the Baby-Friendly Postpartum care center. Second, maternity leave and parental leave should be provided for working women and workplace should be made as 'mother-friendly workplace'. Third,help pregnant women to learn about the importance of breastfeeding for their babies and themselves. Fourth, help mothers breastfeed in the first month after delivery.
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