재생에너지 분산자원 연계 배전계통 전압 추정을 위한 최적 PMU 설치 위치 선정

Abstract

The use of Micro PMUs, which provide high-resolution and time-synchronized measurements at the distribution level, can greatly improve state estimation accuracy and enable rapid detection of network anomalies. However, their high capital cost makes system-wide deployment impractical. This study proposes an optimized placement strategy that accounts for the limited number of Micro PMUs while enhancing the accuracy of time-synchronized voltage phasor estimation across distribution networks. The method combines Weighted Least Squares-based state estimation with a heuristic optimization algorithm to identify PMU locations that minimize total vector error. Using detailed phasor data, the approach refines voltage estimates and determines the most effective configuration of installations. Simulations on the IEEE 15-bus test feeder with renewable distributed resources demonstrate that the proposed strategy achieves high estimation accuracy with minimal devices. By adopting phasor accuracy as the primary placement criterion, the framework supports precise voltage correction under a unified time reference and offers scalability to diverse network topologies and operating conditions, providing a foundation for efficient measurement equipment allocation and improved distribution system performance.