몽골 야탁류 악기의 전승과 단절

Abstract

This study arranged the combination of a name in musical instrument because Mongol's traditional instrument yatag (ятга) is commonly named both harps and long-zithers, and discussed about the excavation in konghu (箜篌), which corresponds to harp, namely, bosoo yatag (босоо ятга) and discontinuation & transmission in yatag, which corresponds to long-zithers, focusing on the present status of being confirmed now. A traditional musical instrument in Mongol's yatag is arranged largely with 3 kinds such as bosoo yatag including konghu, yatag in plucked string instrument of being compared with Korea's kayagŭm (伽倻琴), and yatgalig (ятгалиг) of being compared with Korea's ajaeng (牙箏). Up to the 1960s, bosoo yatag like konghu was identified a record of simultaneously having used two techniques in plucked string instrument and rubbed string instrument, thereby having been discussed to be unique phenomenon musically and culturally. In addition, 5-string tering yatag, which was discovered in 2008, was mentioned to be necessarily reconsidered the present status of having been restored only as plucked string instrument. Yatag in long-zithers was developed the improvement in yatag from the 1950s and had been utilized until the 1980s. But yatag in rubbed string instrument was discontinued transmission because of having trained a performer of yatag through North Korea's kayagŭm performer in the 1960s. Yatag in diverse forms and sorts with the decoration of brilliant pattern or sculpture can be confirmed now only at a museum. However, through Ancient Score in yatgalig, which is documentary of Buddhist music that began to be excavated and reported in the 1990s, yatgalig in rubbed string instrument up to the 16th-19th century or up to before the socialist age can be identified to have been transmitted as an accompaniment of gurduu (гүр дуу, 箴言歌)’ that is a Buddhist song created by Buddhist monks with high knowledge at a Buddhist temple.