백제의 簫와 인접국 簫의 친연성 연구

Abstract

Among the five instruments on Paekche kŭmdong taehyangno 百濟金銅大香爐, which is assumed to have been made in between late 6th and early 7th century, there is a wind instrument called 'so '簫. This study intends to find the similarities between Paekche's so and that of the neighboring countries through comparison of their structure. First, Paekche's so is examined and compared with that of Koguryŏ, an adjacent country and then with that of China based upon the archaeological specimens. In terms of its structure, Paekche's so is triangular-shaped with long pipes on one end growing shortened to the other. Judging from the sound through a restored one, it is good for low and middle-pitched sound, owing to its thick and long pipes. Therefore, it seems appropriate for slow and quiet music. On the other hand, Koguryŏ's so is 'ㄱ‘-shaped with its long handle and relatively short remaining part. Thanks to its short length of the pipes, it's easy to be blown hard (yŏgch'wi, 力吹) to produce high-pitched sound. So it is good for light and rhythmical music. Despite their geographical proximity, it turned out that the sos from both the countries do not share much in common. In China, a variety of the so's with different structures had been made throughout the era of Chŏn'guk, Sui, and Tang dynasties. As time passed, its structure changed. The triangular shape, which had first appeared in Chŏn'guk era, had persisted throughout the era of Jin, Han, Nambukcho, and Su. Especially in Sui, the number of pipes increased and the mouthpiece was oval-shaped. The so of Nambukcho seems closer to that of Paekche than that of Sui, in terms of its structure. There was the ‘ㄱ’-shaped so in Han. Besides, they used '⎾'-shaped one, too. It was used in koch'wi aktae 鼓吹樂隊. It was handed down to Namcho and also appeared in the ancient tomb mural of Koguryŏ. However, it's quite different from that of Paekche. On the other hand, in Pukcho, they also had the ‘ㄱ’-shaped so, the pipes of which are a little longer than those in Han. The triangular and altered ‘ㄱ’ shape in Pukcho appear similar to that of Paekche. In Sui and Dang, the rectangular-shaped so appeared, but it doesn't have anything to do with Paekche's. Through the comparison, it turned out that Paekche's so has a lot more in common with the ones shown in stone caves of Pukcho than that of Koguryŏ, its very neighboring country.