한국 양금의 연주기법에 관한 연구

Abstract

Yanggŭm 洋琴 (Korean dulcimer) has been loved by its clean and brilliant metallic sound among numerous musical instruments played in Korean traditional music. Yet, yanggŭm didn't play a role in a single-played instrument due to the fact that it is not able to perform nonghyŏn 弄絃 (vibrating string), chŏnsŏng 轉聲 (rolling tone), and t'oesŏng 退聲 (sliding down tone) which are important performing techniques of Korean traditional string instruments, and not able to change notes while playing, and its tune is easily affected and changed by weather, temperature and lighting. However, by the late 1990s, modernized yanggŭm supplemented its problems had shown, and it started to be composed spiritedly. According to this, there are a lot of potential presenting new techniques. But, comparing Chinese yangqīn (dulcimer) and North Korean yanggŭm that plays important roles as a solo instrument following establishment of their techniques, Korean yanggŭm is currently needed to establish its own techniques. Therefore, with the anticipation of a great number of creative compositions from now on, the purpose of this paper is to suggest unification of marking system for Korean yanggŭm performed technique after examining some that appear in numbers of yanggŭm in Korea. The results are as follows: Firstly, traditional yanggŭm performing technique used to Korean traditional music used the only one-hand technique in the world. Since the association of yanggŭm founded in 1999, it has requested a creative composition to many composers every year, so it has started to use a variety of brand-new techniques. Secondly, new techniques appeared in creative compositions were used various techniques that referred to the kayagŭm 伽倻琴(12-stringed zither), Chinese yangqīn (dulcimer), and Western musical instrument and applied to the traditional one or never seen from the yanggŭm's one before. Thirdly, Chinese and North Korean dulcimers established their techniques, which play important roles as a solo instrument, where as Korean yanggŭm doesn't have its own established technique. Under this condition, it is necessary to have marking system unified in Korean yanggŭm technique.