이차돈 순교유적과 유물에 대한 고찰

Abstract

This thesis has researched the errors and problems of existing study results about remains and monuments of the martyr Ichadon, solely credited for official recognition of Buddhism in Silla in various ways. Ichadon's grave turns out to exist till 13th century and its location can also be presumed though the document investigation. Especially, regarding Baengnyulsa-temple, known as Ichadon's martyr site, it has been altered into the tombstone discovery site without objective investigation and finally it has been recognized as the same one as Jachusa-temple, which was built in remembrance of Ichadon - this has been prevalent conclusion and this problem has been examined. However, in some literature such as『Samguk Yusa(Memorabilia of the Three Kingdoms)』,『Haedonggoseungjeon(Lives of Eminent Korean Monks)』, the unreasonable interpretation of temple name in Idu style(Korean phonetic system for reading Chinese characters) led to the distortion of Ichadon's martyr site in that Jachusa-temple was not related to Baengnyulsa-temple. With regard to the origin of Jachusa-temple, the temple name would originate from Jamok where the white liquid gushes out and the symbol of Gujipongnamoo(Cudrania tricuspidata) and Choomok, Garaenamoo-Juglans mandshurica, meaning nearby grave through the original meaning and characteristics of original chinese character, not the interpretation of Idu style. Thus, Jachusa-temple turns out to be the separate memorial shrine of Ichadon. Furthermore, apart from『Samguk Yusa』, in『Maewoldangjip(The Collected Works of Maewoldang』written by Kim Si-seup, a monk in Gyeongju of early Joseon Dynasty regarding the poem「Baengnyulsa Noo Deung(The Landscape Overlooking the Tower of Baengnyulsa-temple」related to「Baengnyulsa and Baengnyulsacham Okpansa(Get Along with Okpan Monk of Baengnyulsa-temple」,「YouGeomorok(Write Staying Mt.Geomosan-in Heungrunsa-temple site), Heungrunsa-temple was built due to Ichadon's martyrdom, but it was not related to Baengnyulsa-temple in that the poems did not refer to Baengnyul-temple. Baengnyulsa-temple is totally unrelated to Ichadon's martyrdom. Especially, compared to the article that Gak-hoon, the author of『Haedonggoseungjeon』saw the grave and gravestone of Ichadon climbing Mt.Geumgang and saw buddhist monks partaking of sacrificial(ritual) food and tea on the anniversary, regarding Geumgangryung(Mt.Geumgang) the grave and grave stone of Ichadon was far from Baengnyulsa-temple. In addition, the possibility is that Youngsoo(Buddhist monk) Shrine in Heungrunsa-temple nearby the mountain at the back of Geunhwa girl's high school in Yonggangdong, Gyeongju would be Ichadon's grave where leaders held a Buddhist ceremony in memory of Ichadon in 817 through <Small Clay Stupa>, bricks, pottery and tile, discovered during the field investigation. Besides, through the series of data and the discovery of <Martyr Monument of Ichadon>, it has been raised whether the discovery site of <Martyr Monument> was the establishment site. Based on the data during the colonial period of the imperial Japan, the main point is whether <Martyr Monument> was discover in the vicinity of woods, not within Baengnyulsa-temple and the site was within Baengnyulsa-temple or not contrary to the known. However, Gulbulsa-temple nearby Baengnyulsa-temple was in the adjacent area so it would be problematic to conclude that <Martyr Monument> was built within Baengnyulsa-temple. Especially, considering the possibility that the gravestone would be relocated from another place, it should be reconsidered that the discovery or establishment site of <Martyr Monument> was Baengnyulsa-temple. Under the conditions that the archeological approach about the site this thesis suggested has not been done yet, another hypothesis can be formed. It is expected to be the foundation to discover Ichadon's grave left alone so far so that it can help to become sanctuary.