강원도 민요에 대한 음악적 연구 현황 및 과제

Abstract

This study examined the current status of musical research in folksongs in the Kangwŏn province called Kangwŏndo 江原道 and related research tasks in the future. The musical research of folksongs in the Kangwŏn province was mainly focused on folksong's tonal structure research, and it was found that musical analysis research on functional songs, musical comparison research with Korean people and other foreign folksongs, and comprehensive and systematic research were conducted. In the study of folksong tonal structure, Chang Sa-hun 張師勛 initially conducted a comparative study with kyemyenjo 界面調 tonal structure, and Yi Po-hyŏng 李輔亨 examined the compositional tone, final tone, melodic form of the Kangwŏndo folksong as a musical organization of ‘Menarijo’ 메나리調 (Menarit'ori). Later, Han Man-yŏng 韓万栄 reviewed the composition of the folksongs in the T'aebaek Mountains 太白山脈, and Kwŏn O-sŏng 権五聖 introduced the tetracode theory of ethnomusicology and analyzed “Sangyeo sori” 喪輿소리 in Kangwŏn province as conjunction of tetrachords. Kim Yŏng-un 金英云 also examined the Kangwŏndo folksong “O-dok-the-gi” 오독떼기 with the conjunction of tetrachords in the early days. Paek Tae-ung 白大雄 looked at the Kangwŏndo folksongs in a compositional tone frame corresponding to the fourth type, in the form of folk music. Hwang Chun-yŏn 黄俊淵 repositioned the ‘Menarit'ori’ 메나리토리 with the tonal structure of "hai(下二) - hail(下一) - kung(宮) - sangil(上一) - sangi(上二)" after examining the musical structure of Hyangak 郷楽. Kim Yŏng-un again focused on T'ori 토리 theory and expanded the T'ori of Eastern minyo 民謠 (folksongs) by distinguishing ‘Ŏsayongt'ori’ 어사용토리 besides ‘menarit'ori.’ Then, according to the difference of final tone, he proposed a method to distinguish ‘menarit'ori’ and ‘ararit'oir’ 아라리토리. On the other hand, Cho T'ae-wŎn 조태원 measured the pitch between the important notes of related folksongs including “Arirang” 아리랑 in Kangwŏn province and examined that there were changes according to the singers and the regions. Among the studies that analytically examined folksongs according to their functions, Kim Sun-jae's 金順済 study of boat songs and Yi So-ra's 李素羅 study of farming songs through field surveys are typical examples. In addition to these, there were studies on farming song on YŎngdong 嶺東 of Kim Yŏng-un, and on farming song in the region of WŎnju 原州 of Yi Yun-jŎng 이윤정. Interesting research was conducted in comparison with the Kangwŏndo folksongs, Korean people and other foreign folksongs. Yi Yun-jŎng collected and analyzed “Arirang” played in KosŎng village 고성촌 of Manchuria, and ChŎn In-p'yŎng 全仁平 compared Lahu Tribe People's harvest ceremony music with the Kangwŏndo folksongs. The comprehensive and integrated study of the Kangwŏndo folksongs is the Folksongs called 民謠 by Yi Po-hyŏng's 李輔亨 included in Comprehensive Survey Report of Korean Folklore (『韓国民俗綜合調査報告書』). The characteristics of each folksong were divided into functions and examined by composition, major sound, singing method, and rhythm. He’s above study also deals with popular folksong. Yi Sang-gyu 李相奎 compared all of these popular folksongs with the related local folksong. Yi ChŎng-nan 李静蘭 analyzed the Kangwŏndo folksongs obtained from the results of the MBC Han'guk Minyo TaejŎn 『韓国民謠大典』 (The Compilation of Korean Folksongs). Kim Hye-jŎng 金恵貞 also analyzed the folksongs of Kangwŏn province, which were investigated by the Institute of Humanities 人文学研究所, Hallim University 翰林大学校, which is also a notable research achievement in this part. And we looked at about six future research projects on the Kangwŏndo folksongs. The projects each include systematic research on the tonal structure of the Kangwŏndo folksongs, a thorough review of the musical characters of the geographic tangency and genre tangency of the Kangwŏndo folksongs, an analytical re-research of the fishery laboratory song, the construction of the Kangwŏndo folksong archive, and the introduction of the methods of the North Korean folk structure in the Kangwŏndo region.