또래관계기술이 사회불안에 영향을 미치는 기제: 자기통찰에 의해 중재된 자기제시기대의 매개 효과
The mechanism of the influence of peer relational skills on social anxiety: The mediational effect of self-presentational expectancy moderated by self-insight
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본 연구에서는 또래관계기술이 사회불안에 영향을 미치는데 있어 자기제시기대의 매개 효과와 자기통찰의 중재 효과를 확인하고자 하였다. 초등학교 4-5학년 272명과 중학교 2-3학년 279명을 대상으로 또래관계기술, 자기제시기대, 자의식 및 사회불안에 대한 자료를 수집하였다. 또래관계기술은 자기와 또래 보고를 통해 측정하였으며, 그 외 척도들은 모두 자기 보고를 통해 측정하였다. 자의식 척도의 사적 자의식 요인 문항 점수를 사용하여 상위 50%ile에 해당하는 사례는 자기통찰 고집단, 하위 50%ile에 해당하는 사례는 자기통찰 저집단으로 구분하였다. 구조방정식 모형을 사용하여 분석한 결과, 초등학생과 중학생 집단 모두에서 또래관계기술은 자기제시기대를 매개로 사회불안에 영향을 줄 것이라는 완전매개 모형이 지지되었다. 또한 자기통찰 고집단에서는 자기제시기대가 또래관계기술과 사회불안의 관계를 매개하였으나 자기통찰 저집단에서는 자기제시기대의 매개 효과가 없었다. 이상의 결과를 종합해보면, 자기통찰 수준이 높은 아동과 청소년들의 주도적이고 협동적이며 공감적인 또래관계기술은 또래와의 상호작용에서 자기제시에 대한 긍정적인 기대를 높이며 긍정적인 자기제시기대는 사회불안에 대해 부적인 방향으로 작용하는 것으로 나타났다.
Abstract
The present study investigated (1) the mediational effects of self-presentational expectancy in the relationship between peer relational skills and social anxiety and (2) whether degree of self-insight moderates this relationship. Peer relational skills data were obtained through self and peer reports, and the data of self-presentational expectancy, self-insight, and social anxiety were obtained through self-reports in 272 4th-5th graders and 279 8th-9th graders. Self-insight was measured by administering the private self-consciousness subscale of the self-consciousness scale, and participants whose scores fell in the upper 50th percentile formed the high self-insight group and the lower 50th percentile formed the low self-insight group. The results of the structural equations modelling were as follows: (1) the mediational effect of self-presentational expectancy on the relationship between peer relational skills and social anxiety was found both children and adolescents. (2) self-presentational expectancy mediated the relationship between peer relational skills and social anxiety in the high self-insight group but not in the low self-insight group. More specifically, high self-insight children and adolescents with initiative, cooperative, and empathic peer relational skills increases their expectancy for positive response from peers in peer interactions and such a positive self-presentational expectancy appears to lower social anxiety.
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