自動車 廢觸媒로부터 白金族 回收를 위한 어트리션 스크러빙의 效果
Effect of Attrition Scrubbing on the Recovery of Platinum Group Metals from Spent Automobile Catalytic Converters
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초록
자동차 폐촉매로부터 백금족 금속(PGMs)의 회수를 위한 어트리션 스크러빙의 효과를 조사하였다. 자동차 폐촉매를 2 mm 이하로 분쇄한 후 60분 범위내에서 어트리션 스크러빙하였으며 이를 체가름하였다. 스크러빙을 통해 촉매층은 촉매 지지체 표면으로부터 탈리되어 45 μm이하의 미립자로 분리되었다. 45 μm이하 미립자의 양은 스크러빙 시간이 증가함에 따라 증가하였으며, 스크러빙 시간 40분에서 미립자의 유가물 함량은 CeO₂ 19.3%, ZrO₂ 1.9%, PGMs 419 ppm을 나타내었다. 미립자에서 감마 알루미나의 회수율은 스크러빙 시간이 증가함에 따라 증가하였으며, 동시에 CeO₂, ZrO₂ 및 PGMs의 회수율도 CeO₂ 82.9%, ZrO₂ 78.7%, PGMs 78.9%로 증가하였다. 시료의 고액비 및 초기 투입 입자 크기가 증가할 때 미립자의 양 및 감마알루미나의 회수율은 증가하였다. 어트리션 스크러빙은 분쇄 및 분리 기술로서 스크러빙 용기내에서 입자들 사이의 충격 및 전단 운동에 의해 코디어라이트 촉매 지지체로부터 감마알루미나의 분리에 효과적임을 알 수 있었다.
Abstract
The effect of attrition scrubbing on the recovery of platinum group metals (PGMs) from automobile catalytic converters has been investigated. Catalytic converters were first crushed into particles less than 2 mm and attrition scrubbed in the range of 60 min, and then they were sieved with several screens. The catalyst layer, -alumina, was dislodged from the surface of the supporting matrix into fine particles less than 45μm by attrition scrubbing. The fraction of fine particles less than 45μm increased as the residence time for attrition scrubbing increased. The composition of the fine fraction obtained at a residence time of 40 min was CeO₂19.3%, ZrO₂ 1.9% and PGMs 419 ppm. In the fine fraction, the recovery of -alumina increased proportionally to the residence time. Simultaneously, the recovery rates of CeO₂, ZrO₂ and PGMs increased to 82.9%, 78.7% and 78.9%, respectively. The production of the fine fraction less than 45 m and the recovery of -alumina increased when the solid concentration and initial feed size increased. Therefore, the attrition scrubbing as the comminution and separation process was concerned to be effective for the recovery of catalyst layer from ceramic supporting matrix by physical impact and shearing action between particles in the scrubbing vessel.
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