『般若經』에 나타난 禪定의 개념 - 三三昧解脫門(trīni vimoksa-mukhāni)을 중심으로 -

Abstract

This paper deals with a changes of concept of meditation in Prajñāpāramitā-sūtra(般若經) literature. Through this research, I could get the following conclusion. 1) Theory of meditation on the Hīnayāna Buddhism(部派佛敎) centers up a concept of dhyāna(四靜慮, 四禪). But theory of meditation on Astasāhasrikā-prajñāpāramitā(小品般若波羅蜜多經) be organized in the early Mahāyāna Buddhism, make much account of trīni vimoksa-mukhāni(三三昧解脫門) rather than dhyāna(四禪). 2) On the other hand, theory of meditation in Pañcavimśatisāhasrikā-prajñāprāramitā(大品般若波羅蜜多經), deal with a concept of all meditation on an equal footing also interpreted trīni vimoksa-mukhāni(三三昧解脫門) as ātmaśūnyatā(我空) and dharma-śūnyatā(法空). And in trīni-vimoksamukhāni(三解脫門), a concept of śūnyatā(空) and samādhi(三昧) expanded into 18śūnyatā(18空) and 108samādhi(108三昧) in Pañcavimśatisāhasrikā-prajñāprāramitā(大品般若波羅蜜多經 or Mahāprajñāpāramitaśastra(大智度論)). Therefore the concept of trīni-vimoksa-mukhāni(三三昧解脫門) in Prajñāpāramitā-sūtra(般若經) set the concept of śūnyatā(空) and samādhi(三昧) in true.