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대학생의 성역할과 외상 후 반응의 관계: 성별의 조절효과

Relationship between Gender Role and Responses to Trauma in College Students: Biological Sex as a Moderator

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초록

본 연구는 성역할과 외상 이후의 반응 간의 관계에서 성별의 조절효과를 살펴보고자 하였다. 연구 참가자들은 서울 소재 4년제 대학에 재학 중인 학부생 158명이었으며, 참가자들에게 범죄 사건의 영상을 보여주어 외상을 경험하는 듯한 효과를 준 후에 반응 양상이 어떻게 나타나는 지를 살펴보았다. 외상 후 반응으로는 우울, 불안, 분노 그리고 적개심을 포함하였다. 과거 외상경험과 각 증상의 기저선을 통제한 위계적 중다회귀 분석 결과, 남녀에 따라 성역할과 외상 후 반응 간 관계가 다르게 나타났다. 구체적으로 남성에서는 성역할이 외상 후 반응과 유의한 관련이 없었으나, 여성에서는 여성성이 외상 후 우울을 정적으로 예측하였으며, 여성성과 남성성이 모두 높을수록 외상 후 적개심이 낮았다. 연구 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구의 이론적, 임상적 시사점 및 후속연구에 대한 제언을 논의하였다.

Abstract

The present study examined the association between gender role and responses to trauma with biological sex as a moderator within a sample of 158 undergraduate students. An experience of trauma was experimentally-induced using a video clip that contained material related to a real-life, violent crime. Individuals’ depression, anxiety, anger and hostility were assessed before and after watching the traumatic video. In addition, trauma history was included in the analysis as a covariate. Results from regression models revealed that there was no main effect of gender role on responses to trauma, whereas interactive effects of gender role and sex were significant. Specifically, higher femininity predicted higher levels of post-trauma depression in females, and higher femininity and higher masculinity predicted lower levels of post-trauma hostility in females. Theoretical and clinical implications of this study are discussed.

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