내현적, 외현적 자기애성향자의 적대감, 분노경험수준 및 분노표현양식
Hostility, Anger Experience and Anger Expression in Overt and Covert Narcissists
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초록
본 연구는 자기애를 내현적 자기애와 외현적 자기애로 하위유형을 구분하여, 공격성(aggressiveness)의 인지적, 정서적, 행동적 차원에서의 차이를 알아보았다. 공격성의 인지적, 정서적, 행동적 차원은 각각 적대감, 분노경험수준과 분노표형양식으로 측정하였다. 서울 소재 대학생 298명을 대상으로 자기애 성격장애 척도, 내현적 자기애 척도, 공격성 질문지, 상태-특성 분노표현 척도를 실시하였다. 자기애 성격장애 척도 질문지와 내현적 자기애 척도 질문지의 점수를 기준으로 내현적 자기애성향집단(n=68), 외현적 자기애성향집단(n=34), 자기애성향이 낮은 집단(n=101)으로 구분하여 집단에 따라 적대감, 분노경험수준과 분노표현양식에서 차이가 있는지를 변량분석을 사용하여 알아보았다. 그 결과 내현적 자기애성향자가 외현적 자기애성향자와 자기애성향이 낮은 사람보다 적대감이 높았고, 내현적/ 외현적 자기애성향자가 자기애성향이 낮은 사람보다 분노경험수준(특성분노)이 높았다. 분노조절에서는 외현적 자기애성향자와 자기애성향이 낮은 사람 간에 유의한 차이가 있었다. 분노표현양식에서는 외현적 자기애성향자는 분노표출을 많이 하고, 내현적 자기애성향자는 분노억압을 많이 하는 것으로 나타났으며, 이러한 결과는 적대감이 높고 분노억압을 많이 하는 내현적 자기애성향자가 외현적 자기애성향자보다 여러 면에서 더 부적응적이라는 사실을 시사해주고 있다. 따라서 자기애 하위유형에 따라 분노감을 다루는 방법이 달라야 한다는 것을 제안할 수 있다.
Abstract
In this study, narcissistic individuals were divided into two subtypes overt and covert. The levels of hostility, anger experience, and anger expression in each subtype were examined. For this purpose, the Narcissistic Personality Disorder Scale, Covert Narcissism Scale, Korean Version of the Aggression Questionnaire, and Korean Version of the StateTrait Anger Expression Inventory were administered to 298 undergraduates. The participants were divided into three groups (covert narcissists, overt narcissists and students with low levels of narcissism) based on their scores on the NPDS and CNS 145. Differences in hostility, anger experience and anger expression were compared using ANOVA. The covert narcissists experienced more hostility than the overt narcissists, and students with low levels of narcissism. The covert and overt narcissists experienced more anger than the students with low levels of narcissism. Furthermore, there were significant differences in anger-control between the overt narcissists and students with low levels of narcissism. The overt narcissists experienced more anger-out, and covert narcissists experienced more anger-in. The results indicated that covert narcissists, who have a tendency to suppress their anger, are more maladaptive than overt narcissists in many respects. Moreover, this study proposes that different anger management techniques should be used for individuals with covert and overt narcissism.
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