한국인 영어 학습자의 등급화된 즉흥 발화 OPic 음성자료의 초분절적 특징 연구
A study on suprasegmentals in the rated Korean English learners’ OPIc speech data
1
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
In this study, we analyzed 60 Korean learners’ suprasegmental features from the OPIc speech data administered by the ACTFL committee. According to the evaluation method prescribed by the ACTFL committee, the data are classified into six grades from the lowest IL to the highest AL, and it is meaningful that they can examine the spontaneous speech of Korean learners. Pauses, speech rate and F0 range were analyzed using the Praat speech analysis program. Pause duration was measured by detecting the silent period over 250ms. The speech rate was calculated by dividing the time spent on speaking sentence by the syllable per sentence. The F0 range was measured as the pitch curve of the sentence. The result of the study can be derived as follow: Factors that differ among the six groups of different grades and that appear to have high influence on grading are the inter-sentential pause duration, intra-sentential pause duration, and speech rate. In other words, the higher the grade, the shorter the duration of the pauses and the faster the speech rate. There were no statistically significant differences between the grades in the intra-sentential pause frequency and the F0 range.
Abstract
In this study, we analyzed 60 Korean learners’ suprasegmental features from the OPIc speech data administered by the ACTFL committee. According to the evaluation method prescribed by the ACTFL committee, the data are classified into six grades from the lowest IL to the highest AL, and it is meaningful that they can examine the spontaneous speech of Korean learners. Pauses, speech rate and F0 range were analyzed using the Praat speech analysis program. Pause duration was measured by detecting the silent period over 250ms. The speech rate was calculated by dividing the time spent on speaking sentence by the syllable per sentence. The F0 range was measured as the pitch curve of the sentence. The result of the study can be derived as follow: Factors that differ among the six groups of different grades and that appear to have high influence on grading are the inter-sentential pause duration, intra-sentential pause duration, and speech rate. In other words, the higher the grade, the shorter the duration of the pauses and the faster the speech rate. There were no statistically significant differences between the grades in the intra-sentential pause frequency and the F0 range.
참고문헌 (40)
- 안병섭, "휴지(pause)의 역할에 대한 반성적 검토", 우리어문연구, (28), pp.67~87 (2007), 우리어문학회
- Anderson-Hsieh, J., "The Relationship Between Native Speaker Judgements of Nonnative Pronunciation and Deviance in Segmentals, Prosody, and Syllable Structure", Language Learning, 42(4), pp.529~555 (1992)[DOI]
- Ayers, G. M., "Discourse Functions of Pitch Range in Spontaneous and Read Speech", Ohio State University Working Papers in Linguistics, 44, pp.1~49 (1994)
- Celce-Murcia, M., "Teaching pronunciation: A course book and reference guide" (2010), Cambridge University Press
- Cenoz, J, "Pauses and hesitation phenomena in second language production", International Journal of Applied Linguistics, 127(1), pp.53~69 (2000)[DOI]
- De Jong, N. H., "Facets of Speaking Proficiency", Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 34(1), pp.5~34 (2012)[DOI]
- De Jong, N. H., "Praat script to detect syllable nuclei and measure speech rate automatically", Behavior Research Methods, 41(2), pp.385~390 (2009)[DOI]
- Derwing, T. M., "Second Language Accent and Pronunciation Teaching: A Research-Based Approach", TESOL QUARTERLY, 39(3), pp.379~397 (2005)
- Fries, C. C., "Teaching and Learning English as a Foreign Language" (1945), University of Michigan Press
- Ginther, A., "Conceptual and empirical relationships between temporal measures of fluency and oral English proficiency with implications for automated scoring", Language Testing, 27(3), pp.379~399 (2010)[DOI]
- Goldman-Eisler, F., "Psycholinguistics : Experiments in spontaneous speech" (1968), Academic Press
- Goldman-Eisler, F., "Pauses, clauses, sentence", Language and Speech, 15(2), pp.103~113 (1972)
- Hieke, A. E., "A componential approach to oral fluency evaluation", The Modern Language Journal, 69(2), pp.135~142 (1985)
- Hulstijin, J. H., "Linguistic competence of learners of Dutch as a second language at the B1 and B2 levels of speaking proficiency of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages(CEFR)", Language Testing, 29(2), pp.203~221 (2012)
- 강석한, "한국인 영어 발음의 좋음과 나쁨 인지 평가에 영향을 미치는 초분절 매개변수 연구", 말소리와 음성과학, 3(2), pp.3~10 (2011), 한국음성학회
- Kang. O., "Relative salience of suprasegmental features on judgments of L2comprehensibility and accentedness", System, 38(2), pp.301~315 (2010)[DOI]
- 김희경, "영어발음교육에 대한 한국인 영어학습자의 인식", 새한영어영문학, 52(4), pp.241~264 (2010), 새한영어영문학회[DOI]
- 김지은, "한국인 화자의 영어 발화 속도와 피치, 강세 간의 관계 연구", 말소리와 음성과학, 6(3), pp.101~108 (2014), 한국음성학회[DOI]
- 김선희, "한국어 자유 발화 음성의 억양 패턴", 말소리와 음성과학, 1(4), pp.85~94 (2009), 한국음성학회
- Levis, J., "Minimal pairs in spoken corpora: Implications for pronunciation assessment and teaching", Towards adaptive CALL: Natural language processing for diagnostic language assessment, pp.197~208 (2008)
- Mennen, I., "Second language acquisition of intonation: The case of peak alignment", Chicago Linguistic Society, 34, pp.327~341 (1998)
- Metha, G., "Detection of Target phonemes in Spontaneous and Read Speech", Language and Speech, 31(2), pp.135~156 (1988)
- Munro, M. J., "The Effects of Speaking Rate on Listener Evaluations of Native and Foreign-Accented Speech", Language Learning, 48(2), pp.159~182 (1998)
- Munro, M. J., "Modeling Perceptions of the Accentedness and Comprehensibility of L2 Speech the Role of Speaking Rate", Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 23(4), pp.451~468 (2001)
- Nakamura, M., "Differences between acoustic characteristics of spontaneous and read speech and their effects on speech recognition performance", Computer Speech and Language, 22, pp.171~184 (2008)
- Park, E-M., "The Study of Speech Rate and Pause in Rated L2 Speech Corpus of Korean learners of English", MA, pp.2017
- 박혜숙, "한국 초등학생의 영어 낭독체 발화에서 유창성 등급에 영향을 미치는 초분절 요소", 현대영어교육, 19(3), pp.48~56 (2018), 현대영어교육학회[DOI]
- 박인규, "Comparison of Spontaneous Speech and Read Speech: Prosodic Analysis", 언어학 연구, (25), pp.93~105 (2012), 한국중원언어학회[DOI]
- Pennington, M., "Pronunciation revisited", TESOL QUARTERLY, 20(2), pp.207~226 (1986)
- Pennington, M. C., "Teaching Pronunciation from the Top Down", RELC Journal, 20(1), pp.20~38 (1989)
- Pickering, L., "The Role of Tone Choice in Improving ITA Communication in the Classroom", TESOL QUARTERLY, 35(2), pp.233~255 (2001)
- 이석재, "한국 초등학생 영어 발화의 문형에 따른 억양 및 문장 리듬 연구", Foreign Languages Education, 10(4), pp.65~85 (2003), 한국외국어교육학회
- Tavakoli, P., "Pausing patterns : differences between L2 learners and native speakers", ELT journal, 65(1), pp.71~79 (2011)
- Trofimovich, P., "Learning Second Language Suprasegmentals: Effect of L2 Experience on Prosody and Fluency Characteristics of L2 speech", Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 28(1), pp.1~30 (2006)
- Trofimovich, P., "Learning prosody and fluency characteristics of second language speech : The effect of experience on child learners' acquisition of five suprasegmentals", Applied Psycholinguistics, 28(2), pp.251~276 (2007)
- Walker, R., "Teaching the Pronunciation of English as a Lingua Franca" (2010), Oxford University Press
- Wennerstrom, A., "Intonation as cohesion in academic discourse : A study of Chinese speakers of English", Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 20(1), pp.1~25 (1998)
- 양병곤, "말하기 숙달도에 따른 대학생 집단별 억양곡선 고찰", 음성과학, 14(3), pp.77~89 (2007), 한국음성과학회
- Yorkston, K. M., "Clinical management of dysarthric speakers" (1988), Little Brown & Company
- Zellner, B., "Fundamentals of speech synthesis and speech recognition", pp.41~62 (1994)