대학생을 위한 4차원 구조의 학생 참여(student engagement)척도 타당화
Validation of 4DS-Student Engagement Scale for Korean Undergraduate Students
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본 연구의 목적은 우리나라 대학생을 대상으로 인지적, 행동적, 정서적, 주도적 참여의 4차원 구조의 학생 참여 척도를 타당화하는 데 있다. 이를 위한 연구대상은 서울, 대전, 충북, 부산, 광주지역의 6개 4년제 대학교의 대학생 606명이었다. 4차원 구조의 타당성을 검증하기 위해 탐색적 및 확인적 요인분석과 신뢰도 분석을 적용하였으며 하위 차원에 있어 성별 및 학년에 따른 학생 참여 수준에 차이가 있는 지를 확인하기 위해 t검증과 일변량 분석을 실시했다. 또한 공인타당성을 검증하기 위해 자기조절학습전략 척도와의 상관분석을 실시했다. 마지막으로 예측타당성을 검증하기 위해 학생 참여 수준이 수업에 대한 주관적 과제가치와 학업성취기대 및 수업만족도 간에 매개효과를 가지는 지를 분석했다. 그 결과 첫째, 전체 20문항 중 두 문항을 제거한 총 18문항으로 구성된 4차원 구조가 가장 적합하였다. 또한 학생 참여의 일부 하위차원에서 성별 및 학년별 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 학생 참여 수준은 학생들의 자기조절학습전략 수준과 유의미한 정적상관을 보였다. 셋째, 학생 참여 수준은 주관적 과제가치와 기대되는 학업성취 및 수업만족도를 유의미하게 매개했다. 본 연구에서 4차원 구조의 학생 참여 척도를 한국 대학생들을 대상으로 타당화함으로써 이후 대학생 참여와 관련한 국내 연구 활성화에 기여할 것으로 기대된다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to test the validity of the Korean version of students engagement scale for University students, which was originally developed by Veiga(2013). To validate this scale, 606 undergraduates from six universities of five provinces were used. First, we did a confirmatory factor analysis to evaluate construct validity of a 4-dimensional structure. We also examined the difference of students engagement by sex and grade of undergraduates. Then, we analyzed its correlation with self-regulated learning strategies and its mediation effect between subjective task-value, expected achievement, and class satisfaction to confirm criterion-related validity. As a result, the construct validity of this scale was supported by a 4-factor CFA model(cognitive, behavioral, affective, and agentic engagement) with 18 items that fit the data well. There were differences in some factors of students’engagement by gender and grade. The correlation analysis resulted in a significant positive correlation between students engagement and use of self-regulated learning strategies. The mediating effects of students engagement between subjective task-value, expected achievement, and class satisfaction were significant. Then the implication of this study and directions for future study were then discussed.
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