회귀와 전복? 아동문학에 나타난 남자의 여장
Regression and Subversion? Male Cross-dressing in Children’s Literature
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
The purpose of this paper is to examine male characters’ cross-dressing experience in selected British and American children’s books. Cross-dressing motif in children’s literature has been used for female-to-male cross-dressing to resist against the male dominated social order and unfair treatment on women. Recently, children’s books that deal with male-to-female cross-dressing become more available. The books seem to reveal the male characters’ cross-dressing as an enjoyable incident in the uniform rather than serious gender related issue. The paper suggests that male cross-dressing narratives encourage to respect each individual’s choice of freedom and accept difference. Bakhtin describes carnival that seeks to liberate participants from temporary convention and established order with subversive function. The male cross-dressing motif produces humor, exaggeration, grotesque body, and parody to the established power and authority, which are important elements in carnival. The male cross-dressers, whether they enjoy their female experience or not, are able to look at the way in which boys and girls are treated differently. Adults need to think about their behavior in the construction of gender equality along with social relationships, which are strongly influential to children’s attitudes to gender.
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to examine male characters’ cross-dressing experience in selected British and American children’s books. Cross-dressing motif in children’s literature has been used for female-to-male cross-dressing to resist against the male dominated social order and unfair treatment on women. Recently, children’s books that deal with male-to-female cross-dressing become more available. The books seem to reveal the male characters’ cross-dressing as an enjoyable incident in the uniform rather than serious gender related issue. The paper suggests that male cross-dressing narratives encourage to respect each individual’s choice of freedom and accept difference. Bakhtin describes carnival that seeks to liberate participants from temporary convention and established order with subversive function. The male cross-dressing motif produces humor, exaggeration, grotesque body, and parody to the established power and authority, which are important elements in carnival. The male cross-dressers, whether they enjoy their female experience or not, are able to look at the way in which boys and girls are treated differently. Adults need to think about their behavior in the construction of gender equality along with social relationships, which are strongly influential to children’s attitudes to gender.
참고문헌 (48)
- 고양성, "이창래의『네이티브 스피커』와『제스츄어 인생』에 나타난 등장인물의 존재의식과 정체성", 영어영문학연구, 47(2), pp.143~165 (2005), 한국중앙영어영문학회
- 노명우, "호모 루덴스, 놀이하는 인간을 꿈꾸다" (2015), 사계절
- 니콜라예바, 마리아, "아동문학의 미학적 접근" (2009), 교문사
- 레러, 세스, "어린이문학의 역사: 이솝우화부터 해리 포터까지" (2011), 이론과 실천
- 모슨, 게리 솔, "바흐친의 산문학" (2006), 책세상
- 바흐찐, 미하일, "프랑수아 라블레의 작품과 중세 및 르네상스의 민중문화" (2001), 아카넷
- 박금희, "『현명한 피』에 나타난 카니발-그로테스크 서사", 영어영문학연구, 55(2), pp.93~114 (2013), 한국중앙영어영문학회
- 버틀러, 주디스, "젠더 트러블: 페미니즘과 정체성의 전복" (2008), 문학동네
- 수란스키, 발레리 폴라코우, "아동기의 실종" (1992), 교보문고
- 오렌스타인, 페기, "신데렐라가 내 딸을 잡아 먹었다: ‘여성스러운 소녀’ 문화의 최전선에서 날아온 긴급보고서" (2013), 에쎄
- 우드, 줄리아, "젠더에 갇힌 삶: 젠더, 문화 그리고 커뮤니케이션" (2006), 커뮤니케이션 북스
- 위스너-행크스, 메리 E., "젠더의 역사" (2006), 역사비평사
- 이명옥, "꽃미남과 여전사 1" (2006), 노마드북스
- 정효숙, "릴리언 헬먼의 작품에 나타난 젠더 역할 연구: (The)Children’s Hour, the Autumn Garden, Toys in the Attic을 중심으로" (2007), 한국학술정보
- 들, "남성성", pp.2010, 코넬, 레윈 W.
- 톰슨, 마이클, "아이들의 숨겨진 삶: 미국 최고의 아동심리학자 마이클 톰슨 박사가 말하는 우리 아이들의 사회심리학" (2003), 세종서적
- 파인, 코델리아, "젠더, 만들어진 성: 뇌과학이 만든 섹시즘에 관한 환상과 거짓말" (2014), 휴먼 사이언스
- 하위징아, 요한, "호모 루덴스: 놀이하는 인간" (2010), 연암서가
- "Books for Boys" (2000)[URL]
- "The Surprisingly Recent Time Period When Boys Wore Pink, Girls Wore Blue, and Both Wore Dresses" (2014)[URL]
- Bullough, Vern L., "Cross Dressing, Sex, and Gender" (1993), U of Pennsylvania P
- "Collins English Dictionary"[URL]
- Fine, Anne, "Bill’s New Frock" (1989), Methuen
- Fine, Anne, "How Brave is That?" (2013), Barrington Stoke
- Flanagan, Victoria, "Into the Closet: Cross-Dressing and the Gendered Body in Children’s Literature and Film" (2007), Routledge
- "Ladybird Drops Branding Books ‘for boys’ or ‘for girls’" (2014)[URL]
- Grahame, Kenneth, "The Wind in the Willows" (1993), Wordsworth Classics
- Hunt, Peter, "An Introduction to Children’s Literature" (1994), OUP
- Hunt, Peter, "The Wind in the Willows: A Fragmented Arcadia" (1994), Twayne
- Kemp, Gene, "The Turbulent Term of Tyke Tiler" (1977), Faber and Faber
- Kildavos, Cheryl, "My Princess Boy" (2009), KD Talent
- "When Did Girls Start Wearing Pink?" (2011)[URL]
- Mallan, Kerry, "Gender Dilemmas in Children’s Fiction" (2009), Palgrave Macmillan
- Matthews, Christopher Todd, "Form and Deformity: The Trouble with Victorian Pockets", Victorian Studies, 52(4), pp.561~590 (2010)
- Mauter, Eva Maria, "Subjective Perspectives in Ian McEwan’s Narrations", pp.45~53 (2006), GRIN Verlag
- McEwan, Ian, "The Cement Garden" (1978), Jonathan Cape
- "Boys and Girls, Constrained by Toys and Costumes" (2015)[URL]
- Munsch, Robert, "The Paper Bag Princess" (1992), Annick
- Paoletti, Jo B., "Pink and Blue: Telling the Boys from the Girls in America" (2012), Indiana UP
- Pennell, Beverley, "Ways of Being Male: Representing Masculinities in Children’s Literature and Film", pp.55~77 (2002), Routledge
- Pleck, Joseph, "The Myth of Masculinity" (1981), MIT
- Pomranz, Craig, "Made by Raffi" (2014), Frances Lincoln Children’s Books
- Reeder, Kirk, "Racism and Sexism in Children’s Books", pp.112~117 (1980), Littlehampton Book Services
- Reynolds, Kimberley, "Girls Only? Gender and Popular Children’s Fiction in Britain, 1880-1910" (1990), Wheatse
- "What a Drag: the Death of the Cross-dressing Movie" (2012)[URL]
- Sachar, Louis, "Is He a Girl?" (1993), Random House
- Scott, Kate, "Spies in Disguise: Boy in Tights" (2013), Piccadilly
- Walliams, David, "The Boy In The Dress" (2008), Harper Collins