An Interface-based Approach to Givenness and Contrastiveness of Information Structure in Korean
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This paper explores two interface-based values (i.e. givenness and contrastiveness) of information structure, and presents a generalized syntactic structure to license all the discourse notions such as focus, sentence topic, discourse topic, and CT. Topic and focus can be easily identifiable in the sentence since they are phonetically and semantically distinguished from each other. A focused phrase bears a focal stress and is interpreted as discourse-new or exhaustive, while a topic phrase is usually destressed and is interpreted as discourse-given. Traditionally, contrastive topic (CT) has been analyzed as a single discourse phenomenon. In the paper, however, CT is a hybrid discourse notion that is composed of two independent semantic features; namely, givenness and contrastiveness. In particular, a topic phrase (sentence or discourse topic) is G-marked and must be merged to the edge of a strong phase in order to check off the uninterpretable givenness feature for its topic interpretation. Meanwhile, a focus phrase is syntactically unmarked and must remain in its default focus domain (i.e. VP or TP) to be properly interpreted as discourse-new. CT undergoes at least two independent scrambling operations to check off both givenness and contrastiveness features in the edge of a strong phase.
Abstract
This paper explores two interface-based values (i.e. givenness and contrastiveness) of information structure, and presents a generalized syntactic structure to license all the discourse notions such as focus, sentence topic, discourse topic, and CT. Topic and focus can be easily identifiable in the sentence since they are phonetically and semantically distinguished from each other. A focused phrase bears a focal stress and is interpreted as discourse-new or exhaustive, while a topic phrase is usually destressed and is interpreted as discourse-given. Traditionally, contrastive topic (CT) has been analyzed as a single discourse phenomenon. In the paper, however, CT is a hybrid discourse notion that is composed of two independent semantic features; namely, givenness and contrastiveness. In particular, a topic phrase (sentence or discourse topic) is G-marked and must be merged to the edge of a strong phase in order to check off the uninterpretable givenness feature for its topic interpretation. Meanwhile, a focus phrase is syntactically unmarked and must remain in its default focus domain (i.e. VP or TP) to be properly interpreted as discourse-new. CT undergoes at least two independent scrambling operations to check off both givenness and contrastiveness features in the edge of a strong phase.
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