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중국 소비자의 자민족중심주의와 그 효과에 관한 연구: 라이프스타일에 따른 차이와 국가이미지의 조절효과

The Effect of Consumer Ethnocentrism in China: Differences by Consumer Lifestyles and Moderating Effect of Country Images

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주제분류경영학

초록

본 연구는 외국제품에 대한 중국 소비자의 외국제품에 대한 평가 및 태도에 영향을 미치는 대표적인 사회심리적, 감정적 요인으로 소비자의 자민족중심주의 성향에 관심을 가진다. 보다 구체적으로 본 연구는 중국 소비자의 라이프스타일에 따른 자민족중심주의 차이, 그리고 중국 소비자의 자민족중심주의 효과에 대한 국가이미지의 조절효과를 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 상해, 북경, 청도, 심양, 성도 등 중국 내 5개 주요 도시의 1,327명의 성인 소비자들을 대상으로 4개국(미국, 독일, 일본, 한국), 2개 제품(승용차, 디지털 카메라)을 포함하는 설문조사를 실시하였다. 연구결과, 중국 소비자의 라이프스타일은 과시적 유행추구형, 합리적 개성추구형, 전통적 보수지향형으로 나누어졌으며, 중국 소비자의 라이프스타일에 따른 소비자 자민족중심주의 성향에는 유의적인 차이가 존재하는 것으로 확인되었다. 또한 중국 소비자들의 자민족중심주의와 외국제품 브랜드에 대한 태도는 부의 관계를 보였으나, 제품에 따라 약간의 차이를 보이는 것으로 나타났으며, 소비자의 자민족중심주의 효과에 대한 국가이미지의 조절효과는 부분적으로 확인되었다.

Abstract

This study focuses on the consumer ethnocentrism of China as an important sociopsychological and affective factor which influences on the evaluation and attitude toward foreign products. More specifically, this study is to examine the difference of the consumer ethnocentrism by the types of the lifestyle of Chinese consumers and the moderating effect of country images on the relationship between the consumer ethnocentrism and the attitude toward foreign products. This study used the data which were collected through Chinese consumers survey. The sample of this study is adults consumers who are above 18 years old and reside at 5 major cities of China. They are Beijing,, Shanghai, Qingdao, Shenyang, and Chengdu. 1,327 Chinese consumers answered the questionnaire on the 4 major foreign countries (US, Germany, Japan, South Korea) and 2 products(passenger car, digital camera). The results can be summarized as follows :Firstly, Chinese consumers ethnocentrism shows differences by the lifestyles which were classified as 3 types(conspicuous and fashion-seeking, rational and personality- seeking, traditional and conservatism-seeking). Secondly, consumer ethnocentrism in China shows negative relations with the attitude toward foreign product as expected. Finally, the moderating effect of country images on the relationship between the consumer ethnocentrism and the attitude toward foreign products was confirmed partially.

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