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기업가 지향성과 네트워크 역량이 한국 중소기업의국제화 성과에 미치는 영향

Effects of Entrepreneurial Orientation and Network Capabilities on International Performance of Korean small and medium-sized Enterprises

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주제분류경영학

초록

본 연구는 네트워크 역량이론과 기업가 지향성이론에 근거하여, 기업을 설립한 후 3년 내에 해외에 신속하게진출한 145개 한국기업을 대상으로 네트워크 역량과 기업가 지향성이 국제화 성과에 미치는 영향을 분석하고 아울러 동태적 역량이 이들 요인과 성과 간의 관계에 있어서 매개역할을 하고 있는가를 실증적으로 살펴보았다. 보다 더 구체적으로는 혁신적 기업가 지향성 및 위험감수적 기업가 지향성이 국제화 성과에 정(+)의 영향을 줄 것이라고 가정하였다. 또 네트워크 조정, 네트워크 지식, 네트워크 소통역량이 국제화 성과에 정(+)의 영향을 미칠것으로 가정하였으며, 동태적 조정역량과 동태적 변화역량이 기업가 지향성 및 네트워크 역량과 국제화 성과 간에 매개역할을 할 것이라고 가정하고 주장하였다. 실증분석 결과 혁신적 기업가 지향성, 네트워크 지식역량, 네트워크 소통역량이 높을수록 국제화 성과는 높아지며, 위험감수적 기업가 지향성, 동태적 변화역량, 네트워크 조정역량의 경우에는 그것이 낮을수록 국제화 성과가 높아지는 것으로 나타나고 있다. 한편 이들 요인들과 성과 간에는 동태적 역량이 별다른 매개역할을 하지 못하는 것으로 분석되었다

Abstract

This study explores the impact of entrepreneurial orientation (EO), network capabilities(NC), dynamic capabilities (DC) and managers on the international performance ofsmall-and-medium sized enterprises (SMEs) in Korea. The study also explores themediating effects of DC between NC, EO and international performance. We created adatabase consisting of data from 145 Korean SMEs and startups that had startedexporting products and/or services within three years of firm’s foundation. Data wasanalyzed using descriptive statistics, factor analysis, reliability test, multiple regressionanalysis, moderated hierarchical regression analysis, and mediated regression analysis. The results suggest that performance is positively influenced by the two dimensions ofNC and also indicate that the innovativeness of EO fosters performance. Our findingsalso show that DC does not mediate between NC, EO, and international performance. This study highlights the importance of the EO, NC, DC, innovativeness, risk-taking,coordination between collaborating firms, knowledge about partners, internal communication,dynamic coordination, and dynamic transformation on international performance. Specifically, innovativeness and knowledge about partners enhance performance. Onthe other hand, risk-taking, international communication, and coordination betweencollaborating firms have a negative effect on international performance. The ability offounders to create and develop an international firm becomes more important for SMEsthan for multinational enterprises. Our study results also offer important insights onthe differential impact of specific determinants of international performance betweenSMEs and multinational enterprises.

참고문헌 (79)

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