국제 전략적제휴가 기업성과에 미치는 영향: 회계적 변수를 기반으로 한 제휴유형간 차이 분석을 중심으로
The Differences in the Effects of International Strategic Alliance Types on Firm Performance Based on Accounting Measures
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초록
본 논문은 최근 전세계적으로 활발히 실시되고 있는 국제 전략적제휴가 그 유형에 따라 기업성과에 미치는 영향이 차이가 있는지에 대하여, 외국기업과 국제 전략적제휴를 맺은 국내 상장기업을 대상으로 분석한 실증연구이다. 기존 문헌을 바탕으로 지분제휴, 비지분제휴, 합작기업설립, 라이선싱, R&D제휴 등이 기업성과에 미치는 영향의 차이에 관한 연구가설을 설정하고 최근 전략적 제휴 연구에서 가장 적절하고 신뢰할 수 있는 성과측정 변수로 평가되는 회계적 성과변수를 기반으로 국내기업과 외국기업 간의 국제 전략적제휴에 관한 2차 자료를 이용하여 실증분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과 선행연구에서 제시된 바와는 다르게 지분제휴가 비지분제휴에 비하여 기업 성과에 미치는 영향이 더 긍정적이라고 할 수 없었으며, 무엇보다도 R&D 제휴가, 합작기업설립이나 라이선싱 제휴에 비하여 기업성과에 더 긍정적인 영향을 미친다는 것을 밝혔다. 즉, 국제 전략적제휴의 유형별로 기업성과에 미치는 영향에 유의한 차이가 있음을 제시한다.
Abstract
This paper investigates whether international strategic alliances have a different effect on firm performance by alliance type. Specifically, this paper focused on typical alliances such as equity alliances, non-equity alliances, joint ventures, R&D alliances and licensing. Four hypotheses were established regarding the differences of their effects on firm performance between equity and non-equity alliances, between joint ventures and R&D alliances, between joint ventures and licensing, and between R&D alliances and licensing. An empirical test of these hypotheses was conducted using data on the alliances between Korean and foreign firms. In doing so, this paper utilized accounting-based independent and dependent variables which Christoffersen (2013) and Christoffersen et al. (2014) have suggested were most relevant. The test results indicate that contrary to conventional belief, equity-based alliances have not shown a larger effect on firm performance than non-equity based ones and that R&D alliances had the most significantly positive effect on firm performance among diverse types of alliances.
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