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해외 CSR을 수행하는 한국 기업의 특성에 관한 실증 연구: 중국 시장 중심으로

An Empirical Study on the Characteristics of Korean Firms Conducting Local CSR in China

안현미|한충민|이효연
한국국제경영학회 (Korean Academy of International Business)|2018.05|국제경영연구 (International Business Journal)|제29권 제2호|pp. 99-126|DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.14365/ibj.2018.29.2.4

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참고문헌

키워드

CSRChina중국 시장CSR 동기CSR motives
주제분류경영학

초록

본 연구에서는 중국 시장에 진출한 한국 기업을 대상으로 현지에서 CSR을 수행하는 기업의 특성을 파악하고자 하였다. 이를 위해, 내수 시장 진출 목적의 중국 투자 기업 153개 업체를 대상으로 설문조사를 수행하였다. 검증 결과, 모기업의 규모, 고용 규모, 매출 규모 그리고 브랜드 명성이 유의하게 나타났다. 구체적으로, CSR에적극적인 기업은 모기업 규모가 크고, 고용 규모가 크고, 매출 규모가 크며, 브랜드 명성이 높은 기업인 것으로나타났다. 이러한 특성은 대기업의 현지 법인의 특성으로, 한국 기업의 중국에서의 CSR은 결국 대기업에 의해주도되고 있음을 본 연구 결과가 시사해주고 있다. 한편, 소유 형태, 투자 규모와 시장성과는 CSR 수행 정도는CSR 수행 정도와 유의한 관계를 보이지 않았다. 이론적 관점에서, 한국 기업의 해외 CSR은 선제적 관점의CSR이론 보다는 방어적 관점의 CSR이론이 설명력이 높은 것으로 나타났다.

Abstract

This study examines the characteristics of Korean firms conducting CSR in China. Surveys were conducted with 153 firms doing local business in China. The study found that large firms were conducting greater CSR activities in China than small firms. Specifically, subsidiaries with large parent firms, a large number of local employees, large local sales, and strong brands were more likely to conduct CSR in China. These results indicate that CSR in China is mainly carried out by local subsidiaries of large firms. On the other hand, the ownership pattern, size of investment, and market performance did not show meaningful relationships with CSR. From a theoretical perspective, the findings imply that CSR theories suggesting defensive motives for foreign CSR are more relevant than those suggesting preemptive motives for CSR in explaining CSR activities by Korean firms in China.

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