빅데이터로서의 종교적 지식이 권력에 미치는 영향 연구 : 고대 메소포타미아와 고대 이스라엘을 중심으로
Religious Knowledge in light of the Big Data and Its Influence on the Political Power in Ancient Mesopotamia and Israel
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초록
본 연구는 고대근동의 문서들을 통해 종교적 지식의 유형을 발견하고 이들이 정책결정 과정이나 권력의 유지에 어떻게 사용되었는지를 분석한다. 종교적 지식은 왕이 획득한 권력을 합법화하는데 도움을 주었을 뿐 아니라 그가 권력을 유지하는 방편으로도 사용되었다. 따라서 본 연구의 주목적은 빅데이터로서의 종교적 지식이 권력의 형성과 유지에 어떻게 사용되었는지를 분석하고 고찰하는 것이다.
Abstract
The present study aims to find out the types of the religious knowledge portrayed in the ancient Near Eastern texts and to analyze how to use them in the process of political decisions and in maintaining their power. The rites and rituals in the ancient Near East functioned characteristically in their own boundaries. They were managed by the specialists with religious knowledge. Sociology names these specialists as religious specialists or religious intellectuals. In the ancient Near East, extispicy, astrology, and magic were categorized as bārûttu, skills of diviners, but they can be branded as religious knowledge from the sociological perspective. This religious knowledge can be regarded as the results of observations on the earthly and celestial phenomena, which are the basis of today’s mathematics and science. Religious specialists used this knowledge to interpret the divine will, while kings referred to them to make crucial political decisions. Kings executed and maintained their power efficiently with the religious knowledge. Just as today’s big data business considers the volume, variety, and velocity of data as important elements, so the ancient Near Eastern religious specialists rapidly circulated various vast data. The data were utilized to make political decisions and stored in royal archives to be retrieved and referred to in cases of necessity.
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