초기 번역본들과 유대교 문헌에 나타난 제4 종의 노래의 전승에 관한 연구 –메시야의 대리속죄적 고난을 중심으로-
A Study on the Transmission of the Fourth Servant Song in the Earliest Translations and Jewish Literature: Focused on the Vicarious Suffering of the Messiah
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
이 논문은 제4 종의 노래(이사야 52:13-53:12)가 기독교 이전에 유대교에서 어떻게 이해되고 전승되었는지에 관해서 연구한다. 이 문제는 제4 종의 노래에 관한 구약과 신약 사이의 연속성 사이에 유대교적 관점이 어떤 역할을 했는지에 대한 이해의 빛을 밝혀줄 수 있다. 우리의 목적은 기독교 이전의 유대교에서 제4 종의 노래의 고난받는 종을 대리속죄 사역을 담당하는 메시야로 읽었는지를 명확하게 검토하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 우리는 외경과 위경 등의 유대교 문헌과 히브리 본문의 최초의 세 번역인 70인역(LXX), 탈굼(Targums) 및 페시타(Peshiṭta)를 조사한다. 기독교 이전의 유대문헌들 가운데 확실성을 가지고 제4 종의 노래의 종을 대리속죄적인 메시야로 이해하고 있는 것은 지금까지 발견되지 않는다. LXX에서는 고난의 종이 대리속죄적 기능을 가지고 있지만, 그 종이 개인적인 메시야인지에 관해서는 불확실하다. 탈굼의 종은 메시야적 인물이지만, 그는 승리적 메시야로서 MT의 고난과 죽음 및 대리속죄적 사역은 철저히 다른 주체들에게로 이양된다. 페시타에서는 메시야의 대리속죄적 사역을 보존하나, 기독교 이전의 유대교적 관점인지에 대한 확실성이 없다. 결론적으로 기독교 이전에 유대교 문헌이나 LXX, 탈굼 혹은 페시타는 기독교 이전의 유대교에서 제4 종의 노래의 종을 대리속죄적인 메시야로 이해했다는 명확한 증거를 드러내지 못한다.
Abstract
This paper studies how the Fourth Servant Song (Isaiah 52:13-53:12; FSS hearafter) has been understood and transmitted in the pre-Christian Judaism. This issue may give light on the understanding of the role of the pre-Christian Jewish view that takes in the continuum of the understanding of the FSS between the OT and the NT. Our purpose is to review whether the suffering servant of the FSS has been read as the Messiah being in charge of vicarious atonement in the pre-Christian Judaism. To this end, we examine the Jewish literature such as Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha as well as the first three translations of the Hebrew text, that is, LXX, Targums, and Peshitta. There has so far been no pre-Christian Jewish literature that had understanding with certainty of the Servant of the FSS as the vicarious Messiah. In LXX, the suffering servant has vicarious atonement ministry, but it is uncertain whether the servant is an individual Messiah. Although the servant of the Targum is a Messiah, he is a victorious rather than vicarious Messiah, and the suffering, death, and atoning ministry of the Servant in the MT are completely transferred to other subjects. In Peshiṭta, the vicarious ministry of the Messiah is preserved, but it is not certain whether it is pre-Christian and of Jewish perspective. In conclusion, pre-Christian Jewish literature as well as the LXX, Targum, or Peshiṭta did not display clear evidence that pre-Christian Judaism had understood the Servant of the FSS as the vicarious Messiah.
참고문헌 (52)
- 모티어, J. A., "이사야 주석" (2018), 솔로몬
- 불트만, 루돌프, "신약 성서 신학" (1997), 성광문화사
- 오성호, "Three Views of Understanding the Relation between the Fourth Servant Song and the New Testament", 한국개혁신학, 57, pp.340~374 (2018), 한국개혁신학회[DOI]
- 오성호, "(56-66장을 중심으로 본) 이사야서의 종말론 신학" (2012), 솔로몬
- 카일, C. F., "이사야(하): 카일 델리취 구약주석(Vol. 19)" (1987), 기독교문화사
- Ådna, Jostein, "The Suffering Servant: Isaiah 53 in Jewish and Christian Sources", pp.189~224 (2004), William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company
- Aytoun, Robert A., "The Servant of the Lord in the Targum", The Journal of Theological Studies, 23, pp.172~180 (1922)
- Baumstark, Anton, "Deutsche Morgenländische Gesellschaft" (1935), Kommission bei F.A. Brockhaus
- Boyarin, Daniel, "The Jewish Gospels : The Story of the Jewish Christ" (2013), The New Press
- Bradshaw, Vincent M., "Provenance and the Old Testament Peshiṭta" (2018), Clark's Summit University
- Brotzman, Ellis R., "Old Testament Criticism : A Practical Introduction" (1996), Baker Book House
- Brown, Michael L., "The Gospel According to Isaiah 53: Encountering the Suffering Servant in Jewish and Christian Theology", pp.61~81 (2012), Kregel Academic & Professional
- Brownlee, Wm, H., "The Servant of the Lord in the Qumran Scrolls. II", Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, (135), pp.33~38 (1954)
- Charlesworth, James H., "Parables of Enoch: A Paradigm Shift", pp.37~57 (2013), Bloomsbury
- Chilton, Bruce D., "The Aramaic Bible (Vol. 11)" (1987), T & T Clark
- Chilton, Bruce, "The Glory of Israel: The Theology and Provenience of the Isaiah Targum" (1983), JSOT
- de Moor, Johannes C., "The Peshitta and the Targum of Joshua, The Peshitta as a Translation", Papers Read at the Ii Peshitta Symposium Held at Leiden, pp.129~176 (1995)
- Driver, G. R., "Memoriam Paul Kahle", pp.90~105 (1968), Verlag Alfred Töpelmann
- Driver, S. R., "The Fifty-Third Chapter of Isaiah According to the Jewish Interpreters" (1969), Hermon Press
- Ekblad, E. R., "Isaiah’s Servant Poems According to the Septuagint: An Exegetical and Theological Study" (2000), BRAD
- Euler, Karl Friedrich, "Die Verkündigung Vom Leidenen Gottesknecht Aus Jes 53 in Der Griechischen Bibel" (1934), W. Kohlhammer Verlag
- Flesher, Paul V. M., "The Targums : A Critical Introduction" (2011), Baylor University Press
- Gelston, Anthony, "Writing and Reading the Scroll of Isaiah: Studies of an Interpretive Tradition (vol 2)", pp.563~582 (1997), Brill
- Greenberg, Gillian, "The Syriac Peshitta Bible with English Translation: Isaiah, xv-xxvi" (2012), Gorgias Press
- Greenberg, Gillian, "Indications of the Faith of the Translator in the Peshiṭta to the ‘Servant Songs’ of Deutero-Isaiah", Aramaic Studies, 2(2), pp.175~192 (2004)
- Haag, Herbert, "Beiträge Zum Verständnis Des Jüdischen Schicksals in Vergangenheit Und Gegenwart: 40 Jahre Judaica", pp.23~36 (1985), Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft
- Hahn, Ferdinand, "Christologische Hoheitstitel. Ihre Geschichte im fruhen Christenum" (1964), Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
- Hegermann, Harald, "Jesaja 53 in Hexapla, Targum und Peschitt" (1954), Bertelsman
- Hengel, Martin, "The Suffering Servant: Isaiah 53 in Jewish and Christian Sources", pp.75~146 (2004), William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company
- Jeremias, Jörg, "TDNT (Vol. V)", pp.654~717
- Kahle, P. E., "The Cairo Genita" (1959)
- Kim, "Textual Tradition in Hebrew and Greek: Isaiah 52:13-53:12", pp.2008
- Kim, Jintae, "Targum Isaiah 53 and the New Testament Concept of Atonement", Journal of Greco-Roman Christianity and Judaism, 5, pp.81~98 (2008)
- Kiraz, George Anton, "The Syriac Peshiṭta Bible with English Translation: Isaiah" (2012), Gorgias Press
- Knohl, Israel, "Scriptural Exegesis: The Shapes of Culture and the Religious Imagination: Essays in Honour of Michael Fishbane", pp.89~104 (2009), Oxford University Press
- Koch, Klaus, "Messias und Sündenvergebung in Jesaja 53, Targum: Ein Beitrag zur der Praxis der Aramäischen Bibelübersetzung", Journal for the Study of Judaism in the Persian, Hellenistic and Roman Period, 3(2), pp.117~148 (1972)
- Kooij, Arie van der, "Die Alten Textzeugen des Jesajabuches E. Beitr. Zur Textgeschichte D. Alten Testaments" (1981), Univ.-Verl.
- Kooij, Arie van der, "Die Alten Textzeugen Des Jesajabuches", OBO, 35, pp.258~298 (1981)
- Laato, Antti, "Who Is the Servant of Lord?: Jewish and Christaian Interpretations on Isaiah 53 from Antiquity to the Middle Ages" (2012), Abo Akademi University
- Le Déaut, R., "Aspects De L’intercession Dans Le Judäsme Ancien", Journal for the Study of Judaism in the Persian, Hellenistic, and Roman Period, 1(1), pp.35~57 (1970)
- Martyr, Justin, "Dialogue with Tripho, a Jew"
- Motyer, J. A., "The Prophecy of Isaiah" (1993), Inter-Varsity
- Mowinckel, Sigmund, "He That Cometh (Han Som Kommer): The Messiah Concept in the Old Testament and Later Judaism" (1959), Basil Blackwell
- 오성호, "Jesus and the Fourth Servant Song: A Review of Some Recent Proposals", Canon&Culture(캐논앤컬처), 12(2), pp.187~221 (2018), 한국신학정보연구원
- Page, Sydney H. T., "The Suffering Servant between the Testaments", New Testament Studies, 31(4), pp.481~497 (2009)
- Puech, E., "The Madrid Qumran Congress (vol 2)", pp.449~501 (1992)
- Rabinowitz, Louis I., "Midrash Rabbah : Ruth" (1939), Soncino Press
- Rowley, Harold Henry, "The Servant of the Lord and Other Essays on the Old Testament" (1965), Blackwell
- Sapp, David A., "Jesus and the Suffering Servant: Isaiah 53 and Christian Origins", pp.170~192 (1998), Trinity Press International
- Syrén, Roger, "Targum Isaiah 52:13-53:12 and Christian Interpretation", Jorunal of Jewish Studies, 40, pp.201~212 (1989)