본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

음주운전행동을 예측하는 동기요인들의 분석

An Analysis of Motivational Factors Predicting the Behavior to Drink and Drive

0

조회

0

다운로드

7

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

주제분류행정학

초록

본 연구는 계획행동이론(TPB)을 확장한 확장된 계획행동이론을 이용하여 음주운전의도와 음주운전행동을 예측하는 동기요인들을 분석하였다. 기존의 TPB모형을 확장하기 위하여 도덕적 규범과 음주습관(과거음주운전행동)을 추가로 도입하였다. 이를 분석하기 위한 통계분석방법은 조절분석과 매개분석 그리고 이들을 결합한 조절된 매개분석을 이용하였다. 독립변수는 음주운전에 대한 태도와 주관적 규범 및 도덕적 규범 그리고 과거음주운전행동이고 매개변수는 음주운전의도이며 종속변수는 실제음주운전행동이다. 기존의 TPB모형에서 독립변수로 사용된 인지된 행동통제는 음주운전의도가 음주운전행동에 미치는 영향을 조절하는 조절변수로 사용하였다. 본 연구에서 사용한 실험설계는 종단적 설계방법이다. 즉, <Time 1>에서는 태도 등(주관적 규범, 도덕적 규범, 과거음주운전행동, 음주운전의도, 인지된 행동통제)을 측정하였고 6개월 후인 <Time 2>에서는 실제음주운전행동을 측정하였다. 494명의 운전자를 대상으로 실험을 실시한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 태도와 주관적 규범은 음주운전의도에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 도덕적 규범과 과거음주운전행동변수의 추가도입은 음주운전의도의 분산의 설명력을 유의하게 증가시켰다. 이는 추가 도입된 변수들의 TPB모형에서의 유효성을 입증하는 것이다. 둘째, 음주운전태도(주관적 규범, 도덕적 규범, 과거음주운전행동)가 음주운전의도에 유의한 영향을 미치고 음주운전의도는 다시 음주운전행동에 유의한 영향을 주는 매개효과가 확인되었다. TPB모형은 기본적으로 매개모형을 가정하고 있는데 새로운 변수들의 매개효과도 추가로 확인되었다. 셋째, 음주운전의도가 음주운전행동에 미치는 영향은 인지된 행동통제의 크기에 따라 조절되는 조절효과가 나타났다. 따라서 사람들의 음주운전에 대한 통제력이 커지면 음주운전의도가 음주운전행동에 미치는 영향은 더 커진다는 것을 알 수 있다. 넷째, 태도 등의 독립변수가 음주운전의도를 경유하여 음주운전행동에 영향을 미치는 매개효과는 인지된 행동통제의 크기에 따라 조절되는 조절된 매개효과가 나타났다. 이러한 결론은 매개효과가 누구에게나 동일하게 나타나는 것이 아니라 사람들의 인지된 행동통제의 크기에 따라 다르게 나타난다는 것을 암시하는 것이다.

Abstract

Understanding the motivational factors behind drink-driving behavior is of great importance to prevent drink-driving behavior. The purpose of this study was to investigate if perceived behavioral control(PBC) moderated the effect of the intention to drink and drive on drink-driving, using the extended version of the theory of planned behavior(TPB) augmented by moral norm and past behavior. And mediation effect and moderated mediation effect were also analyzed. It was prospective in design: the first survey(Time 1) assessed attitude, subjective norm, moral norm, past behavior, intention, and PBC; the second survey(Time 2) measured actual drink-driving behavior 6 months later. Positive moderation effect of PBC was demonstrated for drink-driving behavior, indicating that people with high level of PBC are significantly more likely to translate their intentions into actual drink-driving behavior. Intention fully mediated attitude(moral norm)-behavior relationships and partially mediated subjective norm(past behavior)-behavior relationships. PBC moderated the mediation process(moderated mediation): The strength of the mediation effect increased along with levels of PBC. For intentions to drink and drive to mediate the attitude(subjective norm, moral norm, past behavior)-behavior relationships, people must have hold sufficiently high levels of PBC. Implications of the present findings for the development of prevention intervention programmes are discussed.

참고문헌 (36)

  1. "음주교통사고 발생현황" (2013)[URL]
  2. 2011 교통사고 통계분석, "도로교통공단", ~ (2012)
  3. 한덕웅, "계획된 행동이론에 의한 음주운전 행동의 설명", 한국심리학회지: 사회 및 성격, 15(2), pp.141~158 (2001)
  4. Aiken, L. S., "Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions" (1991), Sage
  5. Ajzen, I., "The theory of planned behavior", Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50, pp.179~211 (1991)
  6. Ajzen, I., "Understanding attitudes and predicting social behavior" (1980), Prentice Hall
  7. Ajzen, I., "Prediction of goal-directed behavior:Attitudes, intentions and perceived behavioral control", Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 22, pp.453~474 (1986)
  8. Armitage, C. J., "Efficacy of the theory of planned behavior: A meta-analytic review", British Journal of Social Psychology, 40, pp.471~499 (2001)
  9. Armitage, C. J., "Can the theory of planned behavior mediate the effects of age, gender and multidimensional health locus of control?", British Journal of Health Psychology, 7, pp.299~316 (2002)
  10. Astrom, A. N., "Young adults' intention to eat healthy food:Extending the theory of planned behavior", Psychology and Health, 16, pp.223~237 (2001)
  11. Baron, R. M., "The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), pp.1173~1182 (1986)
  12. Castanier, C., "Theory of planned behavior and road violations: The moderating influence of perceived behavioral control", Transportation Research Part F, 18, pp.148~158 (2013)
  13. Chan, D. C. N., "Invulnerability and the intention to drink and drive: An application of the theory of planned behavior", Accident Analysis and Prevention, 42, pp.1549~1555 (2010)
  14. Chorlton, K., "Identifying the psychological determinants of risky riding: An application of an extended theory of planned behavior", Accident Analysis and Prevention, 49, pp.142~153 (2012)
  15. Conner, M., "Extending the theory of planned behavior:A review and avenues for further research", Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 28, pp.1429~1464 (1998)
  16. Conner, M., "Application of the theory of planned behavior to the prediction of objectively assessed breaking of posted speed limits", British Journal of Psychology, 98, pp.429~453 (2007)
  17. Conner, M., "Interaction effects in the theory of planned behavior: Studying cannabis use", British Journal of Social Psychology, 38, pp.195~222 (1999)
  18. Elliot, M. A., "Drivers' compliance with speed limits: An application of the theory of planned behavior", Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), pp.964~972 (2003)
  19. Elliot, M. A., "The social cognitive determinants of offending drivers' speeding behavior", Accident Analysis and Prevention, 42, pp.1595~1605 (2010)
  20. Forward, S. E., "The theory of planned behavior: The role of descriptive norms and past behavior in the prediction of drivers' intentions to violate", Transportation Research Part F, 12, pp.198~206 (2009)
  21. Johnson, P. O, "Tests of certain linear hypotheses and their applications to some educational problems", Statistical Research Memoirs, 1, pp.57~93 (1936)
  22. Johnston, K. L., "Binge-drinking: A test of the role of group norms in the theory of planned behavior", Psychology and Health, 18(1), pp.63~77 (2003)
  23. Marcil, I., "Motivational factors underlying the intention to drink and drive in young male drivers", Journal of Safety Research, 32, pp.363~376 (2001)
  24. Moan, I. S., "Predicting intentions not to ‘drink and drive’ using an extended version of the theory of planned behavior", Accident Analysis and Prevention, 43, pp.1378~1384 (2011)
  25. Norman, P., "The theory of planned behavior, descriptive norms, and the moderating role of group identification", Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 35(5), pp.1008~1029 (2005)
  26. Ouellette, J. A., "Habit and intention in everyday life: The multiple processes by which past behavior predicts future behavior", Psychological Bulletin, 124(1), pp.54~74 (1998)
  27. Parker, D., "Extending the theory of planned behavior: The role of personal norm", British Journal of Social Psychology, 24, pp.127~137 (1995)
  28. Parker, D., "Intention to commit driving violations: An application of the theory of planned behavior", Journal of Applied Psychology, 77(1), pp.94~101 (1992)
  29. Ping, R. A., "A parsimonious estimating technique for interaction and quadratic latent variables", Journal of Marketing Research, 42(3), pp.336~347 (1995)
  30. Povey, R., "The theory of planned behavior and healthy eating: Extending additive and moderating effects of social influence variables", Psychology and Health, 14, pp.991~1006 (2000)
  31. Preacher, K. J., "Computation tools for probing interactions in multiple linear regression, multilevel modeling, and latent curve analysis", Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 31(3), pp.437~448 (2006)
  32. Preacher, K. J., "SPSS and SAS procedures for estimating indirect effects in simple mediation models", Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 36(4), pp.717~731 (2004)
  33. Preacher, K. J., "Addressing moderated mediation hypotheses: Theory, methods, and prescriptions", Multivariate Behavioral Research, 42(1), pp.185~227 (2007)
  34. Terry, D. J., "Group norms and the attitude-behavior relationship: A role for group identification", Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 22, pp.776~793 (1996)
  35. Terry, D. J., "The theory of planned behavior: The effects of perceived behavioral control and self-efficacy", British Journal of Social Psychology, 34, pp.199~220 (1995)
  36. Wiedemann, A. U., "Disentangling the relation between intentions, planning, and behavior: A moderated mediation analysis", Psychology and Health, 24(1), pp.67~79 (2009)

관련 논문AI추천

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (11건)