1960년대 소설에 나타난 전시(戰時) 후방 사회의 변동- 『파시』, 『소시민』을 중심으로 -

Abstract

This study aims to clarify the social changes in the rear community during the war as represented in 1960s novels. The novels of focus are Park Kyeongri's “Pasi” and Lee Ho Cheol's “Little People.” The two artists are representative novelists who began their careers immediately after the Korean War, with which their works have a deep connection. They previously released novels surrounding the topics of personal issues faced by most women in the 1950s, each war, and displaced persons. These artists eventually ran out of personal issues and revealed a concern for society as a whole through the long-story style of novels in the 1960s. In addition, the 1960s novels presented the difficult living conditions of the characters that short story-based novels could not describe. As the two works have the novel background of the rear urban community of Korea at the time of the war, we can capture the various features of that era through these two works. The two artists are not intentionally trying to draw upon the rear cities, such as Busan, through their work, but life in Busan, as exposed through these works, will highlight a significant difference between social lives in the pre- and after-war periods. In addition, this study provides some evidence of the social problems experienced in Seoul in the 1960s right after the Korean War, which were already on display in the rear community in Busan. In this study, we first investigated the social state and lives in Busan during the Korean War. Busan is a place rich in human and material resources so hard to believe that the situation in Korea War. This study aims to identify how Busan is considered one of the cities that benefited from the war, as people and goods due to the war gathered in the cities. Next, the study examines how the backwards economy of the time changed due to the distribution and consumption of goods as a benefit of war zones in those cities. Community rallied back during the war took place in parts of rapid economic change. It also maintained the rich legacy of the life and wealth intact. However, most of rich people walk the path of losing their homes collapsed in a moment of life in the war. Further, new people became the emerging affluent by the turmoil of war. In this paper, we investigate through the characters appearing in this work the economic realignment process. The study also explores the social change aspects of the acceptance of other cultures. The Korean War led to economic change in South Korea. The South Korean society became a zone of influence from the United States during the war, as American culture was encroaching on a backwards society at the time of the war. Acceptance of a sudden heterogeneous culture led to many side effects for Koreans, so this study also aims to look at changes in the social acceptance of cultures. The events of the Korean War caused people much pain. However, Busan did suffer during the war, and some people even benefited from the evils of war. In addition, there were people who were living life irrespective of the war. Of course, there were people in the vortex of war who lost a fortune and family in Busan. This study explores the social changes of the time through the appearance of different people in this backward society and all kinds of wealth formation. The benefits of this study show that the pre-trial and error experience of South Korea in the process of settling into a modern society is characterized by the Korean War. “Pasi” and “Little People” can be evaluated by presenting the novels in a discriminatory light at the time of the rear community social novel that, unlike the rest of the war, used the backdrop of Korea and then widened the perspective of Korean War novels extensively.