백석의 아동문학에 나타난 유희적 상상력과 웃음의 기능

Abstract

In this paper, the association of exaggeration and fantasy, which can be said to be the main creative techniques of Baekseok's fairy tale poetry, was conceptualized as a playful imagination, and the way it is realized in fairy tale poetry and the function of “laugh” were examined. Specifically, Baekseok's literary criticisms were examined for their focus in creative work that changed with changes in North Korea's political situation and literature field, and the function and effect of laughter by playful imagination, which can be said to be a major creative technique of Baekseok's fairy tale poetry. Baekseok's review of children's literature has the characteristics of both genre theory and creation theory, as it reveals the direction of creation based on this, along with the thesis on genre properties. Baekseok asks fairy tale writers to try “artistic generalization” with abundant content while overcoming the thoughtlessness buried only in interesting things at the content level. He presents the “method of humor” as one of the techniques of this artistic generalization. It is nothing more than “suicide of literature” to establish a single purpose of action and ethics, and if the abundance of emotions is not guaranteed, the intensity of thought cannot be acquired. Regarding children's poetry, it is argued that the conventional perception of reality narrows even the world of children's feelings and emotions, causing the “exhaustion” of our literature. This content bias and intolerance inevitably results in disregard of techniques. Baekseok's fairy tale poem, “The Four Brothers of Anomura,” is divided into negative and positive elements, clearly revealing the theme, but raising narrative tension due to behavioral descriptions and situational psychology that depict each critical situation. In addition, the cognitive aspects of the ecology of various living things have been revealed, shows education. “The four brothers of Anomura” are included in the four brothers of Anomura, which seems to be due to criticism on schematicism, which tends to focus only on exposure to education and common sense of sociological character. Baekseok's fairy tale poems have a playful imagination for enlightenment and education. This appears through exaggeration and fantasy, which is focused on exaggerating the character's ridiculous aspect or foolish behavior, and fantasy is related to the unrealistic development of the story itself. Baekseok actively introduced fantastic elements through figurative imagination and association while taking a critical attitude toward the bias and simplicity in representative style. The playful imagination that appears in Baekseok's fairy tale poem induces laughter by portraying the situation of irony. The situation of irony is usually depicted as a temporary advantage over a positive person by a powerless and unattractive being in the shape of evil in reality. In addition, although a positive person is in a lower position than a negative person, it is only a temporary or tentative state and functions to accurately recognize the contradiction and absurdity of such a phenomenon through exaggeration in the narrative structure in which the work is completed by restoring it to a normal place through conflict and confrontation.