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Changes in the Manufacturing Industry of Korea (1940-1949)

허수열
한국학중앙연구원 (The Academy of Korean Studies)|2011.12|The Review of Korean Studies|제14권 제4호|pp. 51-84|DOI 10.25024/review.2011.14.4.002

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참고문헌

키워드

Industrialization during wartimenumber of factories during wartimenumber of workers during wartimeindustrial assetsmunitions industry in colonial Korea戰時 공업화戦時期 공장 수戦時期 노동자 수공업자산식민지 조선의 군수공업
주제분류한국어와문학

초록

Joseon’s factory industry underwent significant transformations during the period of 1940-1945. The extent of change varied according to region (north and south) and race, and there was an unequal development which tended towards the munitions industry. The number of factories and workers did not decrease until 1943, however. The number of factories started to decrease drastically during the period of 1944-1946, while the number of workers continued to increase until 1944. These statistical figures show that the actual decrease happened after 1945. Joseon’s factory industry began to dwindle as its role as a colonial factory base was lost due to several factors such as the deterioration of Japan’s war economy from 1944, Japan’s defeat in 1945, and Joseon’s subsequent independence and division into North and South Korea. This study focuses on the quantitative side of this phenomenon, leaving out any qualitative analysis; however, areas for future study are suggested by this research, including the statistically unaccounted for factory closings, which were due to the enforcement of the war-time economic system, and the significantly decreased productivity levels in many of the operating factories.

Abstract

Joseon’s factory industry underwent significant transformations during the period of 1940-1945. The extent of change varied according to region (north and south) and race, and there was an unequal development which tended towards the munitions industry. The number of factories and workers did not decrease until 1943, however. The number of factories started to decrease drastically during the period of 1944-1946, while the number of workers continued to increase until 1944. These statistical figures show that the actual decrease happened after 1945. Joseon’s factory industry began to dwindle as its role as a colonial factory base was lost due to several factors such as the deterioration of Japan’s war economy from 1944, Japan’s defeat in 1945, and Joseon’s subsequent independence and division into North and South Korea. This study focuses on the quantitative side of this phenomenon, leaving out any qualitative analysis; however, areas for future study are suggested by this research, including the statistically unaccounted for factory closings, which were due to the enforcement of the war-time economic system, and the significantly decreased productivity levels in many of the operating factories.

참고문헌 (27)

  2. "Central Economics Committee of the Transitional Government of South Joseon", ~ (1948)
  3. "Foreign Investment Bureau, Ministry of Finance of Japan (日本大藏省外資局)", ~ (1945)
  4. "Government-General of Joseon, The", ~ (1944)
  5. "Government-General of Joseon, The", ~ (1944)
  6. "Fuji Shuppan", 1994
  7. Government-General of Joseon, The, "統計年報", ~ (1910)
  8. , 1944
  9. "Investigation Division of the Bank of Joseon, The (京城商工會議所調査課)", ~ (1941)
  10. "Investigation Division of the Bank of Joseon", ~ (1944)
  11. Investigation Division of the Bank of Joseon, "歸屬事業體一覽表, in 經濟年鑑" (1949), Economic Yearbook
  12. Japanese Investment in Korea, "The United States, NARA document; RG331, Box # 3710", ~ (1947)
  13. "Joseon Economic News Agency (朝鮮經濟通信社)", ~ (1949)
  14. Korea Economic Mission Department of State, The, "The economic potential of an independent Korea. The United States, NARA document; RG332, Box# 62", 70~75 (1947)
  15. "Ministry of Finance", National Archive of Japan, ~ (1945)
  16. Ministry of Commerce and Industry of the Transitional Government of South Joseon, "商工行政年報" (1948), Commerce and industry administrative yearbook
  17. , 1950
  18. "Ministry of Labor of the Transitional Government of South Joseon", ~ (1948)
  19. "Ministry of Labor of the Transitional Government of South Joseon", ~ (1948)
  20. , 1930
  21. "Bureau of Productive Industries of the Government-General of Joseon", 10~ (1943)
  22. SCAP (General Headquarters Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers), "Japanese External Assets as of August 1945. The United States, NARA Collection; RG331, BOX # 3658", ~ (1948)
  23. Takeda Haruhito’s explanations, (2003), Yushodo
  24. "1945"
  25. "1945", 9
  26. , 1941
  27. . The United States, NARA document. RG407. Box# 2046, , 1947

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