1976년 5차 비동맹(쁠럭불가담) 정상회의와 남북한의 외교경쟁: ‘한반도 문제’ 안건과 결의안의 채택 과정을 중심으로

Abstract

This paper attempted to examine the historical development of diplomatic competition between North and South Korea surrounding the 5th Non-Aligned Summit held in Colombo, Sri Lanka in 1976 in relation to the ‘Korean Question’. At the 1975 Lima Foreign Affairs Conference, the diplomatic war between North and South Korea over joining the Non Aligned came to an end, but at the 1976 Non-Aligned Summit, North and South Korea once again clashed over which declarations and resolutions on ‘Korean Question’ would be adopted. In 1976, North Korea emphasized the ‘danger of a new war’ due to the introduction of nuclear weapons by the United States on the Korean Peninsula and preparations for an invasion of the North, and attempted to submit and pass a hard-line resolution containing these contents at the Colombo Summit, while South Korea attempted to block this. The political declaration and resolution related to the Korean Peninsula submitted by North Korea were passed. However, with approximately 30 percent of non-aligned member states expressing reservations about the adopted resolution, North Korea failed to secure the unified support of the non-aligned group. In the end, the North Korean leadership had to withdraw the 31th UN General Assembly resolution that it had submitted with strong content regarding the ‘Korean Question’ immediately after the Colombo Summit ended.