고구려 횡혈식석실묘의 지역성과 위계 연구 -관대를 중심으로-

Abstract

Goguryeo tombs of the later period may be classified as horizontally-prepared stone chamber tombs. Among others, the inner structure of horizontally-prepared burial tombs, which given their characteristics show relatively well the concept of burial with their allowance of easy access to inside the tomb, may have a great academic value; however, this is rarely the case at the present. Since the coffin platform has the nearest and closest relationship with the buried person among the various inner structures, the paper extracted the attributes of the coffin platform itself, and analyzed locality and hierarchy by reviewing a correlation with the main chamber structure. As attributes of a coffin platform, materials, number, and location were determined. Also, as a result of analyzing the attributes of coffin platforms, the paper obtained the following several results. First, through the size of a coffin platform, the paper reviewed the area occupied by one person and regional patterns; thus, it identified the standard width of a coffin platform for one person and two persons and confirmed any difference in the coffin platform size by region. Second, as a result of reviewing the height and materials of a coffin platform, it was found that they could be largely classified into three groups, and the groups were formed in accordance with similar materials. It was confirmed that there was a difference in height according to group. In looking into the materials of a coffin platform and locality of a coffin platform for one person and two persons, the coffin platform size was different in accordance with the materials used for manufacture of the coffin platform. The frequency of a coffin platform manufactured for two persons in case of 2B-2C types was high. Also, it was confirmed that the type of coffin installed by region was different. Third, as a result of reviewing the number of coffin platforms and locality, the percentage of the number of coffin platforms was higher in the central region than in local regions. As a result of reviewing any difference in size according to the location of coffin platforms, there was more difference between the left and right coffin platform as the hierarchy increased, and the tendency for the left coffin platform to become bigger was confirmed. Next, as a result of analyzing the correlation with the main chamber structure, first, in case the main chamber size is large and square-shaped or in case the main chamber size is small and rectangular, the form of the coffin platform was relatively clearly classified. Second, regarding the relationship between the coffin platform and tomb entranceway, there was a high percentage of tombs in Pyungyang and Jiban with central tomb entranceways installed, and the farther from the center, the higher the percentage of lopsided tomb entranceways. In addition, it was confirmed that there was a tendency for the tomb entranceway to be installed so that the coffin platform could not be seen from the entranceway. Third, in examining the relationship with the ceiling, in case the ceiling was high rather than a flat ceiling, a coffin platform was installed. In case of a space inside the same tombs, for mutually similar ceilings, the same form of coffin platform was installed. Finally, one certain attribute cannot be an absolute standard that classifies locality and hierarchy. Also, in reviewing comprehensively all the factors of a coffin platform and the components of horizontally-prepared stone chamber tombs, a classification of locality and hierarchy appears clearly.