인지적 처리양식과 안구운동이 유사외상장면의 침습에 미치는 영향
The Effect of Cognitive Processing Style and Eye Movements on Intrusion of Similar Trauma Scene
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초록
본 연구는 인지적 처리양식과 안구운동이 유사외상장면의 침습에 미치는 영향을 살펴보기 위해서 실시되었다. 이를 위해 인지적 처리 양식을 자료 주도적 처리와 개념적 처리, 안구운동을 수평 안구운동과 수직 안구운동 조건으로 조작하였다. 본 연구의 참가자들은 외상 경험이 없는 대학생들이었다. 실험 1에서는 외상장면이 포함된 영상을 상영한 후 각 집단에 따라 침습에 차이가 있는 지를 살펴보았다. 그 결과, 수평 안구운동 집단보다 수직 안구운동 집단에서 침습이 더 많이 일어났으며, 인지적 처리양식에서 집단간 차이는 유의하지 않았다. 이러한 결과가 안구운동에 의한 것인지, 인지적 처리양식에 의한 것인지 명확하지 않았다. 또 수평 안구운동을 실시할 경우 시간이 경과함에 따라 침습의 양상이 어떠한지 검토할 필요성이 제기되었다. 이에 따라 실험 2에서는 수평 안구운동집단에서 인지적 처리 양식과 시간의 경과에 따른 침습의 양상을 살펴보았다. 그 결과, 실험 후 1~3일간의 침습은 자료 주도적 처리 집단에서 더 많이 일어났지만 4~6일간의 침습은 개념적 처리 집단에서 더 많이 일어났다. 이러한 결과는 외상을 겪을 당시 자료 주도적 처리가 일어날 경우라도 수평 안구운동이 침습을 감소시키는 역할을 할 수 있음을 시사한다. 끝으로 본 연구의 의의와 제한점 및 후속 연구에 대한 제언이 논의되었다.
Abstract
This study was conducted in order to examine the effects of cognitive processing style and eye movements on an intrusion of similar trauma scenes. To do this, cognitive processing style was manipulated with data-driven processing and conceptual processing, and eye movements were manipulated with horizontal and vertical eye movements. Participants were college students without trauma experiences. In experiment 1, difference of intrusion was examined in each group after showing trauma film. According to results, more intrusions occurred in the vertical eye movement group than in the horizontal eye movement group. No difference was observed between cognitive processing style groups. However, it was not clear whether this result was caused by the cognitive processing style or by eye movements. In addition, it suggested the need to examine, how aspects of intrusion would be shown in the horizontal eye movements with passage of time. Accordingly, in experiment 2, the question of how cognitive processing and passage of time would have an effect on aspects of intrusion in the horizontal group was examined. According to the results, more intrusions for 1～3 days after the experiment occurred in the data-driven processing group, however, more intrusions for 4～6 days occurred in the conceptual processing group. These results suggest that although data-driven processing occurs when suffering from trauma, horizontal eye movements can serve as a reduction of intrusion. Finally, limitations of this study and suggestions for future study were discussed.
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