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유사 외상 상황에 의한 지각적 점화: 외상자극과 일반위협자극의 비교

The Perceptual Priming Following Analogue Traumatic Situation: A Comparison between Traumatic Stimuli and General Threat Stimuli

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참고문헌

키워드

주제분류심리과학

초록

본 연구의 목적은 유사 외상 패러다임을 사용하여 지각적 점화효과를 검토하는 것이다. 또한 유사 외상을 경험한 사람들의 불안 반응이 외상과 관련된 자극에만 특징적으로 촉발되는지 위협자극에 일반화되어 촉발되는지 확인하였다. 참가자는 외상 후 스트레스 진단 척도(PDS) 점수가 10점 이하, Beck 우울 척도(BDI) 점수가 23점 이하인 대학생 103명이었다. 참가자들은 외상 사건을 유발하는 영상을 시청한후, 지각적 판단과제의 단어과제 또는 사진과제를 수행하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다: 첫째, 일반위협자극보다 외상자극에 대한 반응시간이 유의하게 빠른 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 단어과제와 달리, 사진과제에서는 일반위협자극보다 외상자극에 대한 반응시간이 유의하게 빠른 것으로 나타났다. 요약하면, 본 연구는 외상 생존자들이 외상과 관련된 지각적 속성에 노출될 시 외상자극에 대한 지각적 점화를 보인다는 것을 규명하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 외상 후 스트레스 증상을 경험하는 개인들에 대한 치료개입에서 외상 관련 자극에 대한 지각적 정보를 재구성하도록 해야 한다는 것을 제언한다. 마지막으로, 본 연구의 한계점과 후속연구를 위한 제언이 논의되었다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the perceptual priming effect using the analogue trauma paradigm. This study also aimed to determine whether anxiety responses in individuals experiencing analogue trauma were triggered by stimuli specific to trauma or general threats. A total of 103 university students with a score of 10 or lower on the Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale (PDS) and a score of 23 or lower on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were included. Participants viewed a distressing film as an analogue for a traumatic event, after which they completed a perceptual identification task using words or pictures. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: First, the response rates were significantly faster to traumarelated stimuli than to general threat stimuli. Second, unlike the words-task, the response rates were significantly faster to trauma-related stimuli than to general threat stimuli in the pictures-task. To sum up, this study demonstrated that trauma survivors showed perceptual priming of traumatic stimuli when exposed to perceptual cues related to trauma. The present findings suggest that interventions for individuals who experience posttraumatic stress symptoms should be aimed at reconstructing perceptual information about trauma-related stimuli. Finally, the limitations of this study were discussed along with suggestions for further research.

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